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This study analyzes how violent conflict influences taxation in a poor, conflict-affected country, Burkina Faso. We use a unique, large, and representative panel dataset on tax collection of firms between 2015 and 2022 and geographically match these data with indicators of violent conflict at the municipal level. We find that firms pay a lower amount of tax in areas affected by violence. We also fThis study analyzes how violent conflict influences taxation in a poor, conflict-affected country, Burkina Faso. We use a unique, large, and representative panel dataset on tax collection of firms between 2015 and 2022 and geographically match these data with indicators of violent conflict at the municipal level. We find that firms pay a lower amount of tax in areas affected by violence. We also f

Krami is a place and organization in central Malmö that helps criminals and addicts to find employment with the goal of becoming self-sufficient and changing their lifestyle. What originates in a criminal context can often be understood as the same reason why the same person wants to change. Family and one's own children are a major driving force in carrying out this complex and individual pro

For the best start in life – An ethnological study into the choice of birth place. This ethnological essay aims to investigate and create a deeper understanding of the underlying reasons for different individuals' choices of birthing locations, and how they can possibly give us a deeper understanding of the ideals that exist within Swedish maternity care today. To answer this, I have intervie

Sömnsvårigheter är vanliga i befolkningen och insomni utgör en av de mest förekommande sömnstörningarna med påtagliga konsekvenser för dagtida funktion och psykiskt välbefinnande. Flera sociodemografiska och kliniska riskfaktorer har identifierats, men kunskapen är begränsad om hur dessa faktorer tillsammans samvarierar med symtomens svårighetsgrad, behandling och önskemål om hjälp i primärvården.Sleep difficulties are frequently reported in the general population, and insomnia is among the most prevalent of sleep disorders, with substantial consequences for daytime functioning and psychological well-being. Prior studies have linked insomnia to several sociodemographic and clinical factors. However, knowledge is limited in how these factors together relate to symptom severity, treatment pa

In patch testing, a standardized manner of testing and of patch test reading is essential. In this chapter, the basic aspects of these issues are discussed, as well as thoughts on when patch testing should be probably, with what to patch test, especially considering the baseline series, and pitfalls when patch test reading.

Activation of the kallikrein-kinin system promotes vascular leakage, inflammation, and neurodegeneration in ischemic stroke. Inhibition of plasma kallikrein (PK) – a key component of the KKS – in the acute phase of ischemic stroke has been reported to reduce thrombosis, inflammation, and damage to the blood-brain barrier. However, the role of PK during the recovery phase after cerebral ischemia is

Despite decades of promising preclinical validation and clinical translation, ischemic stroke still remains as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Within its complex pathophysiological signatures, thrombosis and inflammation, that is, thromboinflammation, are highly interconnected processes leading to cerebral vessel occlusion, inflammatory responses, and severe neuronal d

Street experiments are proliferating in cities worldwide and have emerged as an approach to transform urban mobility and public space. Previous research attests to the broad spectrum of street experimentation and its variety of stakeholders, aims, methods, and impacts. In this article, we probe this multi‐faceted nature through a study of the landscape of street experimentation as it evolved in on

(1) Background: Patients’ experiences and satisfaction with their treatment are becoming increasingly important in the context of quality assurance, but the measurement of these parameters is accompanied by several disadvantages such as poor cross-country comparability and methodological problems. The aim of this review is to describe and summarize the process of measuring, publishing, and utilizi

A large panorama of lesions is accessible to fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). This chapter focuses on lesions of the salivary glands, as well as tumors of the tongue and oral and nasal cavities. Some unusual lesions of the neck will also be presented. Aspiration cytology of thyroid, parathyroid, and lymph nodes is dealt with in other chapters. When confronted with a mass lesion in the head

Instantaneous wave free ratio (iFR) may be a viable alternative to FFR. iFR is a novel measurement of the hemodynamic relevance of coronary lesions which doesn’t require the use of hyperemic agents.

This chapter describes the different types of non-continent urinary diversions, discusses indications, and summarizes common general and specific complications as well as the issue of quality of life. Non-continent urinary diversions are frequently used for lower urinary tract reconstruction after radical cystectomy. Ileal conduits are the most common form of incontinent diversion, followed by col

In 1952, plans to convert Lake Sanabria (Zamora) into a reservoir for hydroelectric production sparked a press campaign that reached the front pages of the Spanish national press. At the intersection of environmental and political history, this article examines the controversy surrounding the protection of the lake and its designation as a «Picturesque Site» («Paraje Pintoresco») in 1953, under th

Background: Glatiramer acetate (GA) is a well-established treatment option for patients with clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) with few side effects. The double transgenic mouse model spontaneous opticospinal encephalomyelitis (OSE), based on recombinant myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein35-55 reactive T and B cells, mimicks features of chronic inflammat

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are antibody mediated CNS disorders mostly affecting the optic nerve and spinal cord with potential severe impact on the visual pathway. Here, we investigated inflammation and degeneration of the visual system in a spontaneous encephalomyelitis animal model. We used double-tra

Low-grade superficial connective tumors are a heterogeneous group of benign/reactive, intermediate—locally aggressive and intermediate—rarely metastasizing lesions arising in skin and subcutaneous/superficial soft tissues. The most common targets for fine needle aspiration (FNA) in this group of lesions are schwannomas, desmoids, and “pseudosarcomatous lesions” such as nodular fasciitis. Experienc

Objective: Progressive multiple sclerosis is characterized by chronic inflammation with microglial activation, oxidative stress, accumulation of iron and continuous neurodegeneration with inadequate effectiveness of medications used so far. We now investigated effects of iron on microglia and used the previously identified neuroprotective antipsychotic clozapine in vitro and in chronic experimenta