We need to understand the major signalling events in human B cell differentiation in order to be able to regulate the generation of human antigen specific antibodies. This study has focused on the signalling mechanisms involved in generation of germinal centre reaction and secretion of specific antibodies by human B cells, using different in vitro immunisation technologies. Naive human B cells tha

Coherent vector meson production in peripheral nucleus-nucleus collisions is discussed. These interactions may occur for impact parameters much larger than the sum of the nuclear radii. Since the vector meson production is always localized to one of the nuclei, the system acts as a two-source interferometer in the transverse plane. By tagging the outgoing nuclei for Coulomb dissociation it is poss

Popular Abstract in Swedish All materia i vår värld består av protoner, neutroner och elektroner. För att förstå hur materian byggs upp av dessa partiklar behöver vi även förstå hur nukleonerna (protonerna och neutronerna) samt elektronerna (som vi i dagsläget anser vara grundläggande, "elementära") är uppbyggda, samt hur dess beståndsdelar (i fallet med nukleonerna) växelverkar med varandra. HERAHard QCD processes have been studied by measuring the di-jet event rate for deep inelastic scattering in the kinematic range 5 < Q2 < 100 GeV2 and 10-4 < x < 10-2. The jets we re reconstructed using the cone algorithm in the hadronic center-of-mass frame in which the transverse momentum of the jets were required to be greater than 5 GeV. The result of the investigation is that using Leading Order

Undersökningen behandlar relationerna mellan Sverige och Tyskland från 1890-talet och fram till första världskriget med fokus på tillkomsten av 1906 års svensk-tyska handelstraktat. De handelspolitiska förbindelserna sätts här i relation till den inrikes- och säkerhetspolitiska situationen i respektive land och ses mot bakgrund av de maktpolitiska förhållandena och den handelspolitiska utvecklinge

The world production of paper and paperboard products, which increased 3.3% per year since 1980, reached 243 million tonnes in 1991 and is expected to continue to grow by about 2.5% per year over the next decade. Consumption levels in 1990 ranged from 2.8 kg per capita in India to 313 kg per capita in the United States. The biggest producers of pulp are the United States, Canada and the Scandinavi

This thesis concerns the role of sediment-living macrobenthos in the cycling of nitrogen species and nitrogen transformation in eutrophic freshwater sediments. In my thesis I have, employing 15N-isotope techniques in laboratory experiments, shown the importance of infaunal chironomid larvae and oligochaetes on denitrification in eutrophic lake sediments. Investigated benthic organisms not only ex

Tolerances are an important part of production where the desire to produce quality products have to be weighed against the increased production costs. The desired tolerance will influence the choice of both production method as well as the machine used. Given that machining is an adequate production method, variation of the required surface roughness will imply a variation of the part cost which n

While the purpuse of the study is to understand drug abuse through experiences told by individuals in life history interviews, the analyses moves beyond the level of descriptive life history. The interview material is interpreted within a theoretical framework, where the multidimensional character of drug abuse is considered. Three perspectives are applied in the analyses: (1) Practise: Different

Almost all automatic semantic role labeling (SRL) systems rely on a preliminary parsing step that derives a syntactic structure from the sentence being analyzed. This makes the choice of syntactic representation an essential design decision. In this paper, we study the influence of syntactic representation on the performance of SRL systems. Specifically, we compare constituent-based and dependency

Popular Abstract in Swedish Olika livsmiljöer och livsstilar kan ställa mycket olika krav på ett sinnesorgans uppbyggnad och funktion. Man kan därför förvänta sig att tex. ögonen hos ett lejon skiljer sig väsentligt från musslors, maskars eller djuphavsfiskars ögon. Det har också visat sig att om man undersöker ett öga i detalj så är det oftast mycket väl anpassat till just de förutsättningar som Functional aspects of the large diversity of eye design in prosobranch molluscs was investigated using morphological and optical methods. Three species from different habitats were investigated. Littorina littorea from Scandinavian intertidal rock habitats, Strombus raninus and S. gigas from tropical sand-flats and Ampularia sp. from heavily vegetated habitats in tropical fresh-water. Littorina a

Popular Abstract in Swedish Amylos-lipid-komplex är ett fenomen som förekommer i vardagliga livsmedel som innehåller stärkelse, t ex bröd och pasta. Dess struktur på molekylnivå kan liknas vid en "fransk hot dog"; franskbrödet motsvarar stärkelsemolekylen "amylos", som bildar en spiral. I dess tunnel stoppas en fet korv, vilken motsvarar en molekyl som har en lång, fet "svans". Molekylerna sitter This thesis is about the formation of amylose-lipid complexes, and their properties. Two forms of superstructures can be identified. Complex form I has more randomly distributed helices, while the structure of form II is crystalline and therefore exhibits the typical V-pattern in X-ray diffraction analyses. Form II has higher heat stability, and is produced by heating at a temperature at least suf