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Specific absorbed fractions (SAFs) have been calculated as a function of the content in the urinary bladder in order to allow more realistic calculations of the absorbed dose to the bladder wall. The SAFs were calculated using the urinary bladder anatomy from the ICRP male and female adult reference computational phantoms. The urinary bladder and its content were approximated by a sphere with a wa
Glycoproteins are ubiquitous in nature and fundamental to most biological processes, including the human immune system. The glycoprotein carbohydrate moieties, or glycans, are very diverse in their structure and composition, and have major effects on the chemical, physical and biological properties of these glycoproteins. The hydrolysis of glycoprotein glycans by bacterial glycosidases can have dr
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) plays a key role in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function. Analyses of mouse mutants harboring deletions of core components have implicated PRC2 in fine-tuning multiple pathways that instruct HSPC behavior, yet how PRC2 is targeted to specific genomic loci within HSPCs remains unknown. Here we use shRNA-mediated knockdown to survey the function
The heterodinuclear complexes [FeZn(L)(CH3CO2)(2)](+) (L = ICIMP or IPCPMP) are structural models for the dinuclear active sites of plant purple acid phosphatases They can be systematically synthesized from mononuclear iron complexes and enhance the rate of transesterification of 2-hydroxypropyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate, an assay for the catalytic hydrolysis performed by purple acid phosphatases (C
The charge carrier dynamics of a new polymer-fullerene blend are examined on the femtosecond to the millisecond time scale. The full time range is globally fitted using a chemical reaction rate model that includes all key processes, charge generation, energy transfer, charge separation, and recombination, over the full 12 orders of magnitude in time and a factor of 33 in light intensity. Particula
In response to climate change, China's power industry is undertaking the task of reducing carbon emissions. Renewable energy generation has become an important option. For the government and state grid companies, it is important to know the maximum possible capacities of renewable energy generation from its different sources in order to plan the construction of the power grid in the future. In thi
We calculate the unpolarized transverse momentum dependent fragmentation function at next-to-next-to-leading order, evaluating separately the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) soft factor and the TMD collinear correlator. For the first time, the cancellation of spurious rapidity divergences in a properly defined individual TMD beyond the first nontrivial order is shown. This represents a strong
AZD0837 is a novel oral anticoagulant investigated in clinical studies for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). It is bioconverted to its active form, AR-H067637, a potent, specific and reversible thrombin inhibitor.
Production of chiral amines using omega-transaminases has been thoroughly studied in recent years. Immobilized w-transaminases, however, have been used on relatively few occasions despite potential benefits such as reuse of enzyme and ease of product purification. In this study principally different methods including surface immobilization, entrapment and sweep flocculation using titanium oxide. C
We show that strongly interacting multicomponent gases in one dimension realize an effective spin chain, offering an alternative simple scenario for the study of one-dimensional (1D) quantum magnetism in cold gases in the absence of an optical lattice. The spin-chain model allows for an intuitive understanding of recent experiments and for a simple calculation of relevant observables. We analyze t
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is associated with a high mortality rate. The M1 serotype of Streptococcus pyogenes is most frequently associated with STSS. Herein, we examined the role of Ras signaling in M1 protein-induced lung injury. Male C57BL/6 mice received the Ras inhibitor (farnesylthiosalicylic acid, FTS) prior to M1 protein challenge. Bronchoalveolar fluid and lung tissue were
The European REACH legislation accepts the use of non-testing methods, such as QSARs, to inform chemical risk assessment. In this paper, we aim to initiate a discussion on the characterization of predictive uncertainty from QSAR regressions. For the purpose of decision making, we discuss applications from the perspective of applying QSARs to support probabilistic risk assessment. Predictive uncert
Oberg CM, Rippe B. Quantification of the electrostatic properties of the glomerular filtration barrier modeled as a charged fiber matrix separating anionic from neutral Ficoll. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 304: F781-F787, 2013. First published January 9, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00621.2012.-In the current study we explore the electrostatic interactions on the transport of anionic Ficoll (aFicoll)
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to left heart failure is becoming increasingly prevalent, and is associated with poor outcome. The precise pathophysiological mechanisms behind PH due to left heart failure are, however, still unclear. In its early course, PH is caused by elevated left ventricular filling pressures, without pulmonary vessel abnormalities. Conventional treatment for heart failure may
The progress in microfabrication and lab-on-a-chip technologies has been a major area of development for new approaches to bioanalytics and integrated concepts for cell biology. Fundamental advances in the development of elastomer based microfluidics have been driving factors for making microfluidic technology available to a larger scientific community in the past years. In line with this, microfl
The transcription factor Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) is highly expressed in the majority of leukemias, suggesting a role in leukemogenesis. Acquired WT1 mutations are reported as an independent predictor of poor clinical outcome, and mutations resulting in deletion of the entire DNA-binding zinc-finger domain (WT1delZ), is the most common type. The aim of this study was to study cellular effects of
Densely phosphonated electrolyte membranes were prepared from poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) grafted with poly(vinylphosphonic acid) (PVPA) side chains. In the first step, PPO was lithiated in solution at room temperature by adding n-butyllithium to form an anionic macroinitiatior. Next, diethyl vinylphosphonate (DEVP) was anionically polymerized from the lithiated sites at -78 °C. T
This paper investigates how classical measurement error and additive outliers (AO) influence tests for structural change based on F-statistics. We derive theoretically the impact of general additive disturbances in the regressors on the asymptotic distribution of these tests for structural change. The small sample properties in the case of classical measurement error and AO are investigated via Mo
