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Economic research on gender largely focuses on biological sex, the binary classification as either a "man" or "woman." We investigate the value of incorporating a measure of continuous gender identity (CGI) into economics by exploring whether it explains variation in economic preferences and behavior beyond the explanatory power of binary sex. First, we validate a novel single-item CGI measure in
Monitoring of low-molecular weight cancer biomarkers, such as tryptophan (Trp) and its derivative kynurenine (Kyn), might be advantageous to non-invasive skin cancer detection. Thus, we assessed several approaches of topical sampling of Trp and Kyn, in relation to phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr), on the volar forearm of six healthy volunteers. The sampling was performed with three hydrogels
Pitch and voice quality are increasingly understood as closelyintertwined. While Swedish and Norwegian word accents have traditionally been understood in terms of pitch, Danish stød, which is systematically related when it comes to distribution and function, has been described as a type of creaky voice. According to the Laryngeal Articulator Model (LAM), both pitch lowering and creaky or harsh voi
Objectives Osteoarthritis (OA) patient stratification is an important challenge to design tailored treatments and drive drug development. Biochemical markers reflecting joint tissue turnover were measured in the IMI-APPROACH cohort at baseline and analysed using a machine learning approach in order to study OA-dominant phenotypes driven by the endotype-related clusters and discover the driving fea
G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) probably plays a role in innate immunity and tumor immunosurveillance through its effect on immune cells, such as T cells and NK cells. In this study, the prognostic value of GPR55 in colon cancer (CC) was investigated. mRNA expression levels of GPR55 were determined in 382 regional lymph nodes of 121 CC patients with 12 years observation time after curative s
Background: The global burden of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes could be decreased by improving dietary factors, but identification of groups suitable for interventional approaches can be difficult. Reporting of dietary intake is prone to errors, and measuring of metabolites has shown promise in determining habitual dietary intake. Our aim is to create a metabolic signature that is ass
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting programmed cell death‐1 or its ligand (PD‐ L1) have improved outcomes in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). High tumor PD‐L1 expression, detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) typically on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) histological specimens, is linked to better response. Following our previous investigation on PD‐L1 in cytological samples, t
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms. Overweight and increased risk of metabolic syndromes/diabetes are observed in IBS, conditions associated with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and visfatin. The aim of this study was to measure blood levels of AXIN1, cholecystokinin (CCK), enkephalin, ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), PAI-1, and visfatin before and
Objectives: To investigate the association between sensorimotor function and visual assessment of postural orientation during execution of weight-bearing activities in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Laboratory. Participants: Fifty-two individuals (23 women and 29 men, mean (SD) age 26.5 (6.4)) approximately 7 months after ACL
Transportation infrastructure that accommodates the needs of active mode users is an essential element of sustainable and just urban mobility transitions. Safety is a major factor influencing bicyclist behavior, and understanding how safety is perceived by traffic participants can support urban designs that will attract greater shares of active travelers. This paper evaluates the stated preference
Background: Recent declines of honeybees and simplifications of wild bee communities, at least partly attributed to changes of agricultural landscapes, have worried both the public and the scientific community. To understand how wild and managed bees respond to landscape structure it is essential to investigate their spatial use of foraging habitats. However, such studies are challenging since the
The nuclear stellar disc (NSD) is a flattened high-density stellar structure that dominates the gravitational field of the Milky Way at Galactocentric radius $30\, {\rm pc}\lesssim R\lesssim 300\, {\rm pc}$. We construct axisymmetric self-consistent equilibrium dynamical models of the NSD in which the distribution function is an analytic function of the action variables. We fit the models to the n
Compared to other regions, the drivers of diversification in Africa are poorly understood. We studied a radiation of insects with over 100 species occurring in a wide range of habitats across the Afrotropics to investigate the fundamental evolutionary processes and geological events that generate and maintain patterns of species richness on the continent. By investigating the evolutionary history
The phenology of many species shows strong sensitivity to climate change; however, with few large scale intra-specific studies it is unclear how such sensitivity varies over a species’ range. We document large intra-specific variation in phenological sensitivity to temperature using laying date information from 67 populations of two co-familial European songbirds, the great tit (Parus major) and b
Digitalization within the healthcare sector has resulted in the accumulation of vast amounts of data that can be utilized towards the improvement of health outcomes. Meaningful use of such data, however, requires that it is standardized. Standardization plays a key role in providing a universal language for data that is exchanged through different health systems. Through a systematic literature re
GTP-cyclohydrolase deficiency in dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) patients impairs the biosynthesis of dopamine, but also of serotonin. The high prevalence of non-motor symptoms suggests involvement of the serotonergic pathway. Our study aimed to investigate the serotonergic system in vivo in the brain of`DRD patients and correlate this to (non-)motor symptoms. Dynamic [11C]DASB PET scans, a marker
Background and Objectives The neuropathologic changes underlying Alzheimer disease (AD) start before overt cognitive symptoms arise, but it is not well-known how they relate to the first subtle cognitive changes. The objective for this study was to examine the independent associations of the AD hallmarks β-amyloid (Aβ), tau, and neurodegeneration with different cognitive domains in cognitively uni
It is well known that green urban commons enhance mental and physical well-being and improve local biodiversity. We aim to investigate how these outcomes are related in an urban system and which variables are associated with better outcomes. We model the outcomes of an urban common—box gardening—by applying the Social-Ecological Systems (SES) framework. We expand the SES framework by analyzing it
