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The rhizosphere (the soil environment around plant roots) is characterized by complex direct and indirect interactions among its organisms. Studies of interactions among organisms in the rhizosphere are difficult to carry out due to a high diversity of inconspicuous organisms on a micro scale and the highly heterogeneous nature of the soil environment. In this thesis, grassland plant species and s

Gestures are visuospatial events, meaning carriers, and social interactional phenomena. As such they constitute a particularly favourable area for investigating visual attention in a complex everyday situation under conditions of competitive processing. This chapter discusses visual attention to spontaneous gestures in human face-to-face interaction as explored with eye-tracking. Some basic fixati

The purpose of the thesis is to increase understanding of the impact of financial institutions on regional growth. It helps to develop established concepts and perceptions on the impact of financial institutions on economic development in less well-functioning regions. Agglomeration theory is based on a general assumption of a reduced likelihood of economic cooperation through increased geographi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Selen är ett essentiellt näringsämne som har många viktiga fysiologiska funktioner. Hos människor och djur utövar selen sin funktion bara om elementet är specifikt bundet i selenoproteiner som aminosyran selenocystein. Viktiga funktioner hos selenoproteiner är att verka som antioxidanter, upprätthålla redox-balansen i cellerna och reglera sköldkörtelhormonernas aktiviteSelenium is an essential nutrient and in animals and humans it can either be specifically incorporated into proteins as selenocysteine or randomly as selenomethionine. It can also occur as low-molecular-weight compounds and the form of selenium in foods may also influence food quality. The aims of the present studies were: to study selenium and other trace element compounds in milk and whey; to el

Popular Abstract in Swedish Inledning och hypotes Urininkontinens är ett vanligt förekommande tillstånd som förorsakar sänkt livskvalitet hos individen och dessutom stora kostnader för samhället. Förekomsten i befolkningen beror på hur snävt man definierar begreppet och är följaktligen mycket skiftande i olika undersökningar. Urininkontinens är ett symptom på en sjukdom eller ett tillstånd, inte eUrinary incontinence classification is based on symptomatology, presuming that each symptom originates in a separate pathophysiology and demands its unique therapy. Women often present a mixture of symptoms inconsistent with urodynamic diagnosis, especially regarding urgency. Treatment of stress incontinence often relieves urge symptoms indicating a common pathophysiology. Our aims were to investi

When conducting empirical studies, replications are important contributors to investigating the generality of the studies. By replicating a study in another context, we investigate what impact the specific environment has, related to the effect of the studied object. In this paper, we define different levels of replication to characterise the similarities and differences between an original study

Artikeln behandlar rättegångsprocessen som en del av de mänskliga rättigheterna, dess centrala beståndsdelar och dess funktion ur såväl teoretisk som praktisk synvinkel.

Contamination of soil and water by heavy metal ions (HMs) is a problem all over the world.The use of biological methods alone or in combination with other techniques for treatment of such polluted sites constitutes a major challenge. The present thesis summarizes work based on four basic technologies: 1) use of Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRBs) for production of hydrogen sulphide which is used to

Popular Abstract in Swedish Östersjön är idag ett av världens största innanhav med endast marginellt utbyte av vatten med Kattegatt via Öresund samt Lilla och Stora Bält. Saltrika inflöden från Kattegatt orsakar två salthaltsgradienter, en horisontell med mer saltrikt vatten i sydväst och mer färskt i Bottenhavet, samt en vertikal saltgradient (haloklin) med mer saltrikt bottenvatten och mer färskThe Baltic Sea is one of the world’s largest brackish water environments and is today suffering from, for example, eutrophication, spreading hypoxia, accumulations of contaminants and invasive organisms. These problems exist due to a combination of natural features that makes the Baltic Sea a sensitive ecosystem (such as long water residence time, limited water exchange, large catchment area), and