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Since the invention of the laser, nonlinear effects such as filamentation1, Rabi cycling2,3 and collective emission4 have been explored in the optical regime, leading to a wide range of scientific and industrial applications5, 6, 7–8. X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have extended many optical techniques to X-rays for their advantages of ångström-scale spatial resolution and elemental specificit
This research investigates the relationship between trade credit financing and firms’ financial distress using a sample of Chinese listed companies from 2000 to 2020. Our results reveal a significant U-shaped relationship between firms’ trade credit financing and the likelihood of financial distress and that social trust moderates this curvilinear relationship. Our evidence suggests that firm liqu
Background: Lung cancer screening excludes individuals not considered at an increased risk for lung cancer, as predicted by risk models like the Liverpool Lung Project version 3 (LLPv3). In this study, we sought to validate whether plasma glycosaminoglycan profiles (GAGomes) could predict lung cancer independent of LLPv3 and other prespecified comorbidities. Methods: In this retrospective cohort-b
Background Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women. Survival is generally considered favourable, yet some patients remain at risk of early death. We aimed to assess whether comprehensive whole-genome sequencing (WGS) linked to mortality data could add prognostic value to existing clinical measures and identify patients who might respond to targeted therapeutics. Methods In t
Aim: Clinical trial data have demonstrated that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are both noninferior to and safer than conventional therapy for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of DOACs versus warfarin using Nordic population-based registries. Materials & methods: This observational cohort study used Swedish, Norwegian a
Particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) is an enzyme that converts methane into methanol at ambient temperature and pressure. Over the past three decades, the metal content and location of the active site have been highly controversial. Recent single-particle cryogenic electron-microscopy (cryo-EM) structures have furthered this debate. In this study, three cryo-EM structures (PDB entries 7s4h, 7
Public health can be immediately and substantially improved by policies that also mitigate climate change over the longer term. However, implementation of these policies has been slowed at least in part by doubts and lack of awareness of these health co-benefits. To address this barrier to progress, we demonstrate how an illustrative set of interventions led to environmental, health, and economic
Large amounts of dendrochronological data sets exported from the SEAD databasehave in this study been used to analyze timber trade and provenance from thethree Scandinavian towns of Copenhagen, Stockholm and Nya Lödöse/Gothenburgduring the medieval and early modern era. In total, 964 dendrochronologicalsamples with a dating and provenance description were compiled in this studyand compared with wrLarge amounts of dendrochronological data sets exported from the SEAD database have in this study been used to analyze timber trade and provenance from the three Scandinavian towns of Copenhagen, Stockholm and Nya Lödöse/Gothenburg during the medieval and early modern era. In total, 964 dendrochronological samples with a dating and provenance description were compiled in this study and compared wi
Background In several countries, whole-body imaging has been introduced in the routine follow-up of individuals with high-risk cutaneous malignant melanoma after surgery. However, there is scarce evidence that earlier detection of recurrent disease by regular scanning improves survival. In this interim analysis, we investigated whether imaging in the follow-up programme for high-risk cutaneous mal
Background: The aim was to explore patients’ reflections related to their choice of participating or not in a multimodal prehabilitation randomised controlled trial (RCT) in relation to minor surgery. Methods: A qualitative study with 22 semi-structured in-depth interviews on patients awaiting ventral hernia repair was conducted between March and May 2024 and reported according to the COREQ guidel
Plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau) biomarkers open unprecedented opportunities for identifying carriers of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology in early disease stages using minimally invasive techniques. Plasma p-tau biomarkers are believed to reflect tau phosphorylation and secretion. However, it remains unclear to what extent the magnitude of plasma p-tau abnormalities reflects neuronal network d
Background/Objectives: Worldwide, men experience a higher incidence of pancreatic cancer (PC) than women. Methods: To increase understanding of the underlying reasons for this sex-related difference, we analysed general and sex-related risk factors for PC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (women/men No. = 293,682/136,728; 717/577 PC-cases). Results:
Objectives Sustained activity of the upper trapezius muscle during work has been linked to the development of neck pain. Women have higher occurrences of neck pain than men, even in the same occupations. This study aimed to investigate sex-specific associations between upper trapezius muscle activity time-related variables and neck pain using a meta-analysis of pooled data. Methods Seven Scandinav
Diabetes is a growing global problem, with hundreds of millions of people living with the disease worldwide. Diabetes can be divided into two major subtypes, autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), which has stronger causal links in obesity, lifestyle, and age. Although immunity and inflammation are clearly defined in T1D, it is also understood that inflammation has a role in
The perivascular space (PVS) is integral to glymphatic function, facilitating fluid exchange and waste clearance in the brain. Diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) has been proposed as a noninvasive marker of perivascular diffusion, yet its specificity remains unclear. ALPS measures assume radial symmetry in white matter (characterized by equal transverse diffusion eige
Gut microbial communities can facilitate traits that are essential for invasive species survival in novel environments. Despite the global plethora of invasive social insect species, the role of the gut microbiome in colonisation success under novel dietary and environmental conditions is little known. The introduction of the European buff-tailed bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, to the island of Tasm
Aims With a growing population of women with congenital heart disease (CHD), pregnancies in this group are expected to increase. However, pregnancy in women with CHD is associated with increased adverse outcomes for both mother and child. The aim of this study was to evaluate pregnancy and foetal complications in women with CHD and to test their association with the modified WHO (mWHO) classificat
INTRODUCTION: Cognitive resilience refers to maintaining cognitive function despite Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. METHODS: We analyzed amyloid-positive individuals across clinical stages of AD in two cohorts: the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort (ADC, N = 1036) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI, N = 685). Cognitive resilience was conceptualized from a canonical correlation
The end Permian negative δ13C excursion is well known but its cause and chronology are still in question. In an attempt to decipher the timing and reasons for this strong decrease, we established high-resolution sedimentological, biostratigraphical and carbonate carbon isotopic studies in four sections in Iran (Abadeh, Shareeza, Zal and Djulfa) and two in Oman (Wadi Sahtan). The position of the se
