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I februari 2023 frikände Hovrätten för Västra Sverige en man från två fall av våldtäkt mot barn i det så kallade ”snippamålet”. Under förundersökningen använde flickan ordet ”snippa”, men ingen frågade henne vad hon menade med ordet. Eftersom flickan inte närvarade vid huvudförhandlingen hade domstolen ingen möjlighet att klargöra detta. Denna oklarhet fick avgörande betydelse för domstolens bedömIn February 2003, Western Sweden’s Court of Appeal acquitted a man of two counts of child rape in the “Snippamålet” case. During the investigation, the girl used the word “snippa”, but no one asked her what she meant by the term. Since the girl did not attend the main hearing, the court had no opportunity to clarify this. This ambiguity significantly influenced the court’s judgement, resulting in

Bedömningen av om det föreligger orsakssamband mellan gärningsmannens handlande och en följd är en fråga som mestadels har diskuterats i juridisk doktrin. Den 16 januari 2024 avkunnade HD dom i mål B 3014-23 och namngav den ”Dödsorsaken”. I domen diskuteras vilka krav som ställs på orsaksrekvisitet för att kunna avgöra om en person har orsakat ett döds-fall. HD konstaterar att det vid konkurrerandThe assessment on whether there is a causal link between the perpetrators actions and an effect is a question that mostly discussed in judicial litera-ture. Recently, The Supreme Court delivered a judgment with the case number B 3014-23 on January 16, 2024, regarding this matter. It was named “The Cause of Death”. In the judgement, the Supreme Court clari-fies how to handle competing and cooperati

Uppsatsen belyser de bevisrättsliga komplikationer som uppstår i resningsä-renden i brottmål. Framställningen tar avstamp i den så kallade bayesianska bevisteorin som går ut på att matematiskt värdera bevisning, vilket skiljer den från en mer utbredd intuitiv inställning till bevisvärdering. Sanningsprincipen och orubblighetsprincipen är två centrala principer inom resningsrätten. SanningsprincipeThe essay highlights the evidentiary complications that arise in the process of reopening criminal cases. The discussion is grounded in the so-called Bayesi-an theory of evidence, which involves mathematically evaluating evidence, distinguishing it from a more widespread intuitive approach to evidence eval-uation. The principle of truth and the principle of finality are two central principles in t

There are different ways of evaluating the sound pressure in a sound field. Doing so is an essential part of several applications, such as active sound control and voice analysis. One way of evaluating the sound pressure in a sound field is by measuring a few discrete points in the field, combined with an interpolation method to find the sound pressure for the remaining field. Recently, it has bee

The field of machine learning has advanced significantly in recent decades, and, at the same time, computational power has improved to the point where training large machine learning models, such as artificial neural networks, is now accessible. Consequently, there has been a rise in the use of these models within the financial sector, with some firms leveraging them to assist with investment deci

This research is concerned with the relation between racism and the notion of rurality. More specifically, it studies a formally defined rural area in France where the State relocated migrants between 2016 and 2019, placing them in a derelict military camp. By so doing, the study contributes to the ongoing debate whether the rural-urban dichotomy should be considered a sufficiently realistic or de

Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) is a problematic plant species that causes a lot of damage on anthropological constructions as well as ecosystems throughout Europe. Several attempts have been made to control this species, such as glyphosates, cutting/mowing, covering with geoweave and digging, so far with varying degrees of success. In recent times different techniques of heat treatment ha

Algae exhibit different strategies to avoid predation by zooplankton. In green algae, which are generally not known for being toxic, colony formation or a protective mucilage cover can be such defence mechanisms. This study investigates the predation defence of Microglena globulifera (Chlamydomonadales), a unicellular freshwater green alga, against the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. Rotifers gro

Bumblebees, a pollinator, are haplodiploid with single-locus complementary sex determination (sl-CSD) and as a consequence can give rise to diploid males. Diploid males have previously been found to be associated with high costs and multiple severe effects. Mostly studied on Bombus terrestris, a common species, the frequency of diploid males have been suggested as a measure of inbreeding and there

Human-mediated landscape alterations has led to habitat loss for many pollinator species, causing declines in both diversity and abundance. In addition to habitat loss, habitat fragmentation can reduce population connectivity and lead to declines in genetic diversity, the variation that enable adaptation to novel conditions. In spite of this, to which extent pollinator species have lost genetic di

The trade-off between current and future reproduction is universal and forms the basis of life-history theory. Brood size manipulations is one of the most common way to test this trade-off. Although the effect of brood size manipulation on immune response have been tested in many studies, little is known about baseline innate immune function. To fill this gap, I created three groups (enlarged, red

Organisms must aim to find suitable places to settle and reproduce, and this choice varies according to environmental and individual features. The choice of an adequate place can have crucial repercussions on the reproductive success and thus, animal fitness. In many species natal dispersal is a key process accounting for crucial implications for a species spatial distribution. Hence, natal disper

The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) is a cosmopolitan species with a broad distribution that ranges from the tropics to the poles. Males are known to migrate between nutrient-rich high latitude waters and low latitude breeding grounds. In the North Atlantic, large males are found up to the southern limits of the ice edge. However, their seasonal distribution patterns remain poorly known in th

The creation of floral resources for pollinators, such as flower strips, is seen as a relevant and needed intervention but comes with both cost and an opportunity for farmers. It may be worth it if, for example, pollinators are attracted to pollinator-dependent crops and deliver crop pollination. Unfortunately, since pollinators are mobile organisms, the spatial distribution of crop pollination re

Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) are central place foragers, that have been shown to use path integration based vectors to navigate their environment. They also have remarkable learning and memory abilities, and can readily learn different cues. Recently, a behavioural assay has been developed that allows for rigorous testing of these mechanisms in a laboratory setting. This thesis aimed to use this

High synchronicity within cortical circuits resulting from imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory activity is a key feature of epileptiform seizures and different neuronal development stages. The exact mechanism contributing to this activity is still debated but multiple receptors expressed by cortical cells such as Glutamatergic, GABAergic neurons and astrocytes could be involved. With the r

This thesis revisits one of the most prominent contributions to the literature on labour income shares by \citet{blanchard1997} and offers an alternative perspective on the developments in European and Anglo-Saxon countries between 1970 and 2019. Labour shares in both groups of countries declined resulting from changes in relative factor prices and quantities. I find that changes in relative facto

In this project, RAM, we wanted to question today’s consumption of furniture and create furniture with longevity in mind. Explore the possibilities of designing furniture that would grow with you through life to avoid having the need to buy new in different stages of life. The project resulted in a storage system that can adapt to different living situations which can accrue through life. O

Vid byggande, sanering av före detta avfallsdeponier eller liknande företag som påverkar marken krävs noggranna markundersökningar för att kunna utföra arbetet så tids- och kostnadseffektivt som möjligt samt för att minimera miljöpåverkan. Sådana markundersökningar sker inte sällan med hjälp av geofysiska mätmetoder, där seismik är en av dem. Det är vanligt att använda aktiva metoder med exempelvi

Bark beetle attacks have led to widespread tree disturbance and deaths in many parts of the world, and thereby also economic and biodiversity losses. Forest-rich Sweden has experienced periodic attacks, latest in 2018. There is a great interest in identifying the most important explanatory features behind bark beetle attacks and making spatial predictions on where attacks might happen. This could