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Objective: To identify autoantibodies in presymptomatic individuals that associate with the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to distinguish early RA from osteoarthritis (OA), particularly in individuals lacking classic RA serologic markers. Methods: We analyzed serum and plasma from three cohorts: presymptomatic individuals who later developed RA (n = 518), a subset of these at RA diagnosis
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune blistering disease and has been linked to increased mortality, although previous studies have generally relied on small populations and no data have been available specifically for the Swedish population. This study aimed to evaluate the 1-and 10-year mortality rates and all-cause mortality in Swedish patients with BP compared with the ge
With the development of additive manufacturing, the freedom in developing complex cooling structures has been enlarged greatly. Topology optimization is one of the methods that can give out cooling structures beyond the limits of geometric parameters. In this research, an algorithm of topology optimization with heat transfer is derived. The detailed optimization procedure is presented in this work
Marine microorganisms have the potential to disperse widely with few obvious barriers to gene flow. However, among microalgae, several studies have demonstrated that species can be highly genetically structured with limited gene flow among populations, despite hydrographic connectivity. Ecological differentiation and local adaptation have been suggested as drivers of such population structure. Her
Northwest China's arid climate and fragile ecosystems are becoming wetter and greener. However, the rapid expansion of photovoltaic (PV) infrastructure in this region alters land-atmosphere interactions, with potential consequences for local climate and water resources. Here, we use a combined climate and dynamic vegetation modeling approach to assess the effects of hypothetical PV deployment acro
Contrasting the antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) in the conducting airways, the alveolar DC populations in human lungs have remained poorly investigated. Consequently, little is known about how alveolar DCs are altered in diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study maps multiple tissue DC categories in the distal lung across COPD severities. Specifically, sing
Background: Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is a neurologic disorder leading to long-term complications. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a novel therapeutic agent. This systematic review aims to determine the effects of stem cell-based interventions for the treatment of PAIS in preclinical studies. Methods: We included all controlled studies on MSCs in neonatal animals with
Purpose: This study aims to computational numerical simulations to clarify and explore the influences of periodic cellular lattice (PCL) morphological parameters – such as lattice structure topology (simple cubic, body-centered cubic, z-reinforced body-centered cubic [BCCZ], face-centered cubic and z-reinforced face-centered cubic [FCCZ] lattice structures) and porosity value ( ) – on the thermal-
Rectal cancer is a common cancer, with presently a 5-year survival of 67 %. Treatment is based on tumor stage, but current staging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound, are limited in the ability to correctly stage the disease. Magnetomotive ultrasound is a developing modality that has a potential to improve rectal cancer staging. Magnetic nanoparticles are set in motion
Most retrograde signalling research in plants was performed using Arabidopsis, so an evolutionary perspective on mitochondrial retrograde regulation (MRR) is largely missing. Here, we used phylogenetics to track the evolutionary origins of factors involved in plant MRR. In all cases, the gene families can be traced to ancestral green algae or earlier. However, the specific subfamilies containing f
The outer parts of the Milky Way's disc are significantly out of equilibrium. Using only distances and proper motions of stars from Gaia's Early Data Release 3, in the range |b| < 10°, 130° < < 230°, we show that for stars in the disc between around 10 and $14\, \mathrm{kpc}$ from the Galactic centre, vertical velocity is strongly dependent on the angular momentum, azimuth, and position above or b
The expansion of the European Union's (EU) regulatory sphere creates conflicts of sovereignty between the EU and its member states, and third countries that lack a possibility to participate in the making of those laws and policies. The conflict is epitomised in the concept of the Union's decision-making autonomy. Albeit stringently applied, the concept is ambiguous and undefined. This article end
An experimental and numerical study has been conducted to analyze the effects of rib configurations on heat transfer in U-turn rotating rectangular channels with smooth walls. A new model of a wavy rib is studied and compared with traditional ribs in a rectangular cross-section. Heat transfer coefficients for all rib configurations were measured from Reynolds numbers 4000 to 12000, whereas rotatio
Vascular smooth muscle cell plasticity plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of vascular diseases. Despite compelling evidence demonstrating the importance of transcription factor GATA6 in vascular smooth muscle, the functional role of GATA6 remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of GATA6 on cell migration and to gain insight into GATA6-sensitive genes in
During the first half of 2022, the World Health Organization reported an outbreak of acute severe hepatitis of unknown aetiology (AS-Hep-UA) in children, following initial alerts from the United Kingdom (UK) where a cluster of cases was first observed in previously well children aged <6 years. Sporadic cases were then reported across Europe and worldwide, although in most countries incidence did n
The correspondence between galaxy major mergers and starburst activity is well established observationally and in simulations of low-redshift galaxies. However, the evolution of the properties of interactions and of the galaxies involved suggests that the starburst response of galaxies to merger events could vary across cosmic time. Using the vintergatan cosmological zoom-in simulation of a Milky
The star formation history of a galaxy is modulated by a plethora of internal processes and environmental conditions. The details of how these evolve and couple together are not fully understood yet. In this work, we study the effects that galaxy mergers and morphological transformations have on setting different modes of star formation at galactic scales and across cosmic time. We monitor the glo
The focus of this study is threefold: (1) to examine how jaw displacement patterns vary with prosodic focus in American English, (2) to determine whether narrow focus induces greater jaw lowering than broad focus, and (3) to compare two different techniques for recording these jaw displacement patterns—Electromagnetic Articulography (EMA) and the new, innovative MARRYS helmet system. Simultaneous
An essential capability in modern electronic warfare is the ability to rapidly adapt to novel electromagnetic environments. This thesis proposes a statistical signal processing pipeline that reconstructs underlying repeating patterns from deinterleaved Signal Descriptor Word (SDW) sequences in a zero-shot context, where a signal is encountered for the first time. An important application of such a
Studien undersöker hur hållbar varumärkesprofilering operationaliseras i svenska hotellföretags strategier och kommunikation, samt vilka risker för greenwashing som kan identifieras i deras kommunikation. Hotellbranschen tillhör tjänstesektorn där hållbarhet ofta kommuniceras genom berättelser och certifieringar snarare än genom produktegenskaper, vilket skapar förutsättningar för vilseledande kom
