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Alzheimer's disease involves a drastic departure from the cognitive, functional, and behavioural trajectory of normal ageing, and is both a dreaded and highly prevalent cause of disability to individuals, and a leading source of health and social care expenditure for society. Before the advent of biomarkers, post-mortem examination was the only method available to establish a definitive diagnosis.
Background Self-harm is a prevalent health concern among youths, with significant psychosocial impacts on both youths and their parents. The aim of this study is to describe the impact of offspring self-harm on parental work absence. Methods This cohort study included 176 472 mothers and 161833 fathers of 17 726 youths with a first self-harm diagnosis between the years of 2006 and 2016 and 177 260
Since 1955, a form of diabetes in lean, young (BMI <18·5 kg/m2, age <30 years) individuals with a history suggestive of undernutrition from before birth and throughout childhood has been described in the literature. In 1985, WHO formally classified it as malnutrition-related diabetes, but subsequently removed the classification in 1999 over a disagreement as to whether undernutrition was a suffici
Dryland ecosystems are globally important, yet state-of-the-art dynamic vegetation models often lack specific processes or parameterizations that are critical for accurately simulating dryland dynamics. These missing processes include a realistic calculation of soil water movement, detailed plant–water relations, or a representation of deep water uptake. In this study, we show how including a proc
Introductions to data analysis in university physics often focus on fitting (typically to linearised functions) and uncertainty propagation, but residuals are less commonly introduced. Structured residuals indicate that the function (theoretical description) used to fit data does not capture all the relevant elements (i.e. the theoretical description is incomplete), and can be present even when th
Individuals can gain substantial benefits from collective actions.1,2,3,4,5,6,7 However, collective behaviors introduce new challenges, like coordinating actions, maintaining cohesion, and meeting the needs of different individuals. When making collective movements, leaders are typically thought to gain disproportionate benefits through the choice of more beneficial resources3 and/or earlier acces
Introduction: To increase the sustainability of healthcare, clinical trials must assess the environmental impact of interventions alongside clinical outcomes. This should be guided by Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) extensions, which will be developed by The Implementing Climate and Environmental O
Background: Understanding pesticide exposure variability over time among children is crucial towards understanding potential acute and long-term health effects of pesticides but data is lacking. Objective: We assessed spatiotemporal and seasonal variability of urinary biomarkers in children at five time points across two years within three agriculturally intensive areas of the Western Cape, South
Photoelectron angular distributions are reported for a series of aqueous potassium carboxylate solutions, ranging from bulk-solvated to strongly surface-active species. The quantitative information determined from this work demonstrates how the measured photoelectron angular distributions are influenced by the ions’ increasing propensity for the surface in aqueous solutions. Our study provides ins
BACKGROUND Aspirin reduces the incidence of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer among high-risk persons. Observational studies suggest that aspirin may also improve disease-free survival after diagnosis, particularly among patients with tumors harboring somatic PIK3CA mutations. However, data from randomized trials are lacking. METHODS We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controll
video, color, 16:9, Arabic & French spoken, BE, 2025, 93’n the wake of Palestinian memory, National Pride: From Jericho to Gaza follows Hassan Al Balawi, a diplomat based in Brussels, returning to his homeland on the occasion of the fifteenth anniversary of the death of Yasser Arafat—a tutelary figure of the liberation struggle and leader of the PLO. Filmed in 2019, the film traces his journey
Entanglement has the ability to enhance the transmission of classical information over a quantum channel. However, fully harvesting this advantage typically requires complex entangling measurements, which are challenging to implement and scale with the system's size. In this Letter, we consider a natural quantum information primitive known as a random access code in which the message to be communi
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN became operational in 2009 and has since then produced a plethora of physics results from proton–proton (pp) collisions. This short review covers results that relate to soft quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with a focus on nondiffractive physics at midrapidity. Most of the presented results are based on transverse momentum spectra and related derived observables
Introduction The WHO has declared climate change the defining public health challenge of the 21st century. Incorporating climate and environmental outcomes in randomised trials is essential for enhancing healthcare treatments’ sustainability and safeguarding global health. To implement such outcomes, it is necessary to establish a framework for unbiased and transparent planning and reporting. We a
By the end of the eighteenth century, Leiden was a very unhealthy city where life was characterised by disease and untimely death – in particular young children – mainly because of high population density and unhygienic conditions. Morbidity and a high mortality rate gave city life a specific dynamic: many children grew up without one or both parents present, while many elderly men and women had t
