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Temperature is a key constraint on ecosystem respiration but is typically measured at only one or a few points across a study site. Given the exponential relationship between temperature and respiration, small differences in temperature across a heterogeneous ecosystem may result in large differences in respiration fluxes. These differences are not captured in current respiration models which use
Microbial decomposers process a great majority of net primary production in the biosphere and regulate carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. Microbial communities are extremely diverse and often disregarded from global C-cycling models, but one strategy to overcome this challenge is to focus on the major decomposer groups: fungi and bacteria. These groups have distinct life strategies and are differentMicrobial decomposers process a great majority of net primary production in the biosphere and regulate carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. Microbial communities are extremely diverse and often disregarded from global C-cycling models, but one strategy to overcome this challenge is to focus on the major decomposer groups: fungi and bacteria. These groups have distinct life strategies and are different
Two-dimensional cell culturing has proven inadequate as a reliable preclinical tumour model due to many inherent limitations. Hence, novel three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models are needed, which in many aspects can mimic a native tumour with 3D extracellular matrix. Here, we present a 3D electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) mesh mimicking the collagen network of tissue. The naturally hydrophobi
To meet yet higher speed and capacity demands, 5G will turn to mm-waves for more bandwidth. In this paper some receiver design issues occurring when moving from current 4G bands to mm-wave frequencies are discussed. The local oscillator phase noise increases by 6dB/octave with frequency and will ultimately limit spectrum efficiency. To analyze this, a phase noise model, based on a test chip design
The introduction of standardized APIs for ray tracing, together with hardware acceleration, opens up possibilities for physically based lighting in real-time rendering. Light importance sampling is one of the fundamental operations in light transport simulations, applicable to both direct and indirect illumination. This chapter describes a bounding volume hierarchy data structure and associated sa
This thesis consists of four self-contained papers in applied microeconomics. The first paper asks how a neighbors purchase of a specific good affects a households likelihood of purchase. I use an image classification algorithm to process a large set of aerial photos in order to infer household ownership of a visible durable good, specifically a trampoline. To estimate the neighborhood effect, I u
LSTM architectures (Hochreiter and Schmidhuber, 1997) have become standard to recognize named entities (NER) in text (Lample et al., 2016; Chiu and Nichols, 2016). Nonetheless, Zhang et al. (2015) recently proposed an approach based on fixed-size ordinally forgetting encoding (FOFE) to translate variable-length contexts into fixed-length features. This encoding method can be used with feed-forward
Global loss of DNA methylation and CpG island (CGI) hypermethylation are key epigenomic aberrations in cancer. Global loss manifests itself in partially methylated domains (PMDs) which extend up to megabases. However, the distribution of PMDs within and between tumor types, and their effects on key functional genomic elements including CGIs are poorly defined. We comprehensively show that loss of
Lung cancer is a common cancer type associated with poor prognosis. Even in the group of patients with earlystage tumors, for which curative treatment is possible, lung cancer recurrence is frequent. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the potential prognostic role of mutations in tumor specimens, blood-based proteins and circulating tumor DNA.In study I, we performed EGFR mutation detection
Electronic states of a free-standing hydrogenated monolayer boron (HB) sheet were studied via soft X-ray spectroscopies at the B K-shell absorption edge and first-principles calculations. The HB sheet is semimetallic with electron and hole pockets at the Y and Γ points, respectively. The electron band results from the B-H-B bonds formed during synthesis from a MgB2 crystal, while the hole band is
Under sommaren 2018 gjordes försök med X-bandsteknik på Dalby vattentorn i Lunds kommun – ett pilotprojekt som är det svenska startskottet för användning av väderradar inom VA-området. Rapporten redovisar en litteraturstudie av tekniken. Den jämför uppmätta regndata mellan radaranläggningen och stationära regnmätare, gör en analys av flödes- och bräddmätning i avloppssystem vid några regntillfälleThe report consists of a literature study of X-band weather radar technology, a comparison of rain data between an X-band radar facility near Lund and rain gauges, an analysis of flow- and sewage overflow data during rain events and implementation ideas of the X-band radar.
this paper considers flow around arbitrarily shaped objects. The boundary conditions on the solidboundaries have been applied by replacing the boundary with a surface force distribution on the surface,such that the required boundary conditions are satisfied. The velocity on the boundary is determined byinterpolation or by local (Gaussian space) average. The source terms are determined
