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A number of recent studies have made use of statistics derived from geodynamo simulations to constrain the flow at the top of the Earth's core. Here we adapt these methods to infer possible core surface flow solutions over the past 9000 years, using a low degree geomagnetic field model, based on archaeomagnetic and sedimentary archives. Despite the low spatial resolution of the field model, we fin
The growing need for human-machine interfaces (HMIs) underscores the importance of sensory feedback, with electrical stimulation offering efficient interaction in various applications. While its sensory effects are extensively studied, investigations into the reaction time (RT) following transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate how stimulation parame
Patients and families facing the end of life deal with constant health changes, making their ongoing involvement in care decisions vital yet often overlooked. The iLIVE project conducted a qualitative study across 10 countries, exploring the experiences of patients, family members, and healthcare professionals, enabling a comprehensive exploration of the experiences of end-of-life decision-making.
Background: Alternative food sources are crucial for the survival and reproduction of moths during nectar scarcity. Noctuid moths make a better use of fermented food sources than moths from other families, while the underlying molecular and genetic basis remain unexplored. As the fermentation progresses, yeasts lysis and the accumulation of metabolic byproducts alter the composition and the volati
Divorce increased throughout the twentieth century across Western nations. Procyclical divorce, i.e. following macroeconomic cycles, is often suggested and women’s increased economic independence is considered a contributor to increasing divorce rates. Research has, however, overlooked that different factors may drive divorce rates across time horizons. Macroeconomic conditions, like unemployment,
A general entanglement generation protocol between remote stationary qubits using single-photon reflection in a photonic network is explored theoretically. The nodes of the network consist of single qubits that are typically represented by the spin of a color center, each localized in a separate optical cavity and linked to other nodes via photonic links such as optical fibers. We derive a model a
So, we now have a book on philosophy of science written for biologists, which contains topics that its editors (both of them biologists) thought would be useful. Whereas we hope that many biologists will read it and reflect on philosophy of science, this is not the only role we envisaged for this book. We also believe that the book could be used in courses for biology undergraduates and graduates.
Background and objective: There is limited literature on the relationship between cardiovascular health (CVH) and kidney stones. This study aims to compare the association of Life's Simple 7 (LS7) and Life's Essential 8 (LE8) with kidney stone prevalence. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted utilizing NHANES data (2007–2018). Participants aged ≥20 yr with a history of kidney stones an
The aim of this study was to evaluate the greatest drivers for development of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) in relation to coronary, precerebral, or cerebral artery disease This prospective study (Malmö Diet and Cancer study) included 26,681 participants. The diagnosis of incident PAD, coronary artery disease (CoAD), atherothrombotic ischemic stroke (IS) free from atrial fibrilla
Hydrothermal pretreatment was applied to wood sawdust, Trakya lignite and wood sawdust-Trakya lignite mixture (50%, wt) individually. Changes in fuel properties and thermochemical conversion characteristics of each were observed. In addition, the synergistic effect of biomass on coal with hydrothermal pretreatment of the mixture was investigated. After hydrothermal pretreatment, where the opti
In order to strengthen the bio-based economy, it is necessary to produce value-added products by processing all fractions of the biomass, especially lignin. Isolation of lignin at atmospheric pressure and lower temperature will make it possible to recover lignin and use it for different purposes. In the present study, lignins were recovered from wood sawdust by applying six different organosolv tr
Agricultural management significantly affects insects, especially pollinators, which are crucial for crop pollination and biodiversity. In agricultural landscapes, various factors spanning different spatial scales are known to affect pollinator health, which, in turn, can influence pollination services. However, the importance of these factors in driving the health and performance of different pol
High humidity, high ash content and low heating values are the major disadvantages of using lignite without ant pretreatment. High moisture content and low energy density make some of the biomass resources disadvantages in direct energy production. In this thesis, the main aims to reduce the disadvantages of both sources and obtain fuel with different structural/physical properties by hydrothermal
Background and Aims. Overtesting of low-risk patients with suspect chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is widespread. The acoustic-based coronary artery disease (CAD)-score has superior rule-out capabilities when added to pre-test probability (PTP). FILTER-SCAD tested whether providing a CAD-score and PTP to cardiologists was superior to PTP alone in limiting testing. Methods. At six Danish and Swedis
Brain function requires continuous energy supply. Thus, unraveling brain metabolic regulation is critical not only for our basic understanding of overall brain function, but also for the cellular basis of functional neuroimaging techniques. While it is known that brain energy metabolism is exquisitely compartmentalized between astrocytes and neurons, the metabolic and neuro-energetic basis of brai
An experimentally based prediction model of road abrasion wear due to studded tyres is available in Sweden and has been found to work well. However, it has not been validated since 2007, and since then road surfaces and tyre design have developed, and the question has arisen regarding the model’s current validity. The abrasion wear model is used in the NORTRIP emission model (NOn-exhaust Road Traf
Shore hardness measurements subject rubber bodies to standardized indentations. While easily performed, the measurements are subject to uncertainties. Although typical variances for Shore hardness are found in standards, operator and instrument effects are not well described, requiring statistically designed experiments to estimate effects and variance components. This paper focuses on uncertainty
Resuspension of road dust contributes to air quality issues with resulting health impacts. Limited studies imply that porous pavements can initially mitigate PM10 emissions by acting as a dust trap, but the abrasion wear generates road dust and thus accelerates the clogging processes. In addition, knowledge regarding the impact of pavement types on road dust load dynamics is limited. Road traffic
