The effect of anion identity and temperature on the internal nanostructure of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) brushes were investigated using neutron reflectometry (NR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). NR and QCM-D measurements showed that addition of strongly kosmotropic acetate anions shifted the lower critical solution temperature

The influence of specific anions on the equilibrium thermoresponse of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) brushes has been studied using in situ ellipsometry, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and static contact angle measurements between 20 and 45 °C in the presence of up to 250 mM acetate and thiocyanate anions in water. The thickness and changes in dissipation exhibited a br

The anion-specific solvation and conformational behavior of weakly basic poly(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (poly(DMA)), poly(2-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (poly(DEA)), and poly(2-diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate (poly(DPA)) brushes, with correspondingly increasing inherent hydrophobicity, have been investigated using in situ ellipsometric and quartz crystal microbalance with diss

The solvation and swelling behaviour of three dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate polymer brushes, of varying hydrophobicity, have been investigated using a combination of in situ ellipsometry and a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). At low pH the tertiary amine groups of the three polymers are protonated and all three brushes are significantly solvated and swell by adopting an exten

The swelling behavior of poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDEA) brushes in response to changes in solution pH and ionic strength has been investigated. The brushes were synthesized by ARGET ATRP methodology at the silica–aqueous solution interface via two different surface-bound initiator approaches: electrostatically adsorbed cationic macroinitiator and covalently anchored silane-bas

The effect of two different pair correlation functions, used to model multiple scattering in a slab filled with randomly located spherical particles, is investigated. Specifically, the Percus-Yevick approximation is employed and a comparison with the simple hole correction is made. The kernel entries of the hole correction have an analytic solution, which makes the numerical solution of the integr

Increased ocean temperature associated with climate change is especially intensified in coastal areas and its influence on microbial communities and biogeochemical cycling is poorly understood. In this study, we sampled a Baltic Sea bay that has undergone 50 years of warmer temperatures similar to RCP5-8.5 predictions due to cooling water release from a nuclear power plant. The system demonstrated

Rational design based on aesthetic principles from the 1930s dominates contemporary architecture and property development, contributing to a homogenous urban landscape. The aim of this paper is to examine how professionals involved in city centre development value different architectural styles. Based on a sample of 109 respondents, measuring the architectural preferences of city centre managers,

Are you worried about the climate and biodiversity crises and related events like heavy rainfalls and floods, high carbon emissions, sudden heat waves, or loss of species? Are you already doing something to help solve these problems? To reduce flood risks, we can give rivers more space by reconnecting floodplains. To store carbon and help to slow down climate change, we can protect and establish w

Denna rapport tittar närmare på de förändringarna i resvanor som skett de senaste årtiondena, inklusive en kort historisk utblick, vilka har identifierats i transportlitteraturen. Rapporten undersöker även möjligheten till innovation kopplat till transportslag och till mobilitetstjänster med syfte att svara upp till befintliga och framtida resebehov.Specifikt presenteras några möjliga svar till fr

Kort beskrivning av det studentikosa ordenssällskapet CC:s tillkomst 1868.

Environmental degradation is identified as a key factor that threatens the future of life on Earth, but such generalised reading entails that conceal the uneven effects of environmental degradation. When environmental degradation takes place on the lands of the marginalised groups, it is often overlooked or further justified by hegemonic powers that view these areas as natural resources or hideout

The coefficient of friction (COF) is an important parameter when evaluating brake system performance. It is complex to predict friction due to its dependence on parameters, such as sliding velocity, contact pressure, temperature, and friction material mixtures. The aim of this work is to evaluate the macroscopic COF of a disc brake system under specific braking conditions by a meso-scale approach,

The synthesis of hierarchically porous materials usually requires complex experimental procedures, often based around extensive trial and error approaches. One common synthesis strategy is the sol-gel method, although the relation between synthesis parameters, material structure and function has not been widely explored. Here, in situ 2D hard X-ray ptychography (XRP) and 3D ptychographic X-ray com

Företag brukar ge ut övergripande mål och arbetsbeskrivningar, det vill säga funktionella roller, till sin personal. Dock är det lätt hänt att individer och grupper kan finna andra mål och roller, vilket kan leda till att arbetsgruppens medlemmar strävar åt olika håll. Vårt syfte är således att analysera vilka mål och roller individen kan ha i en arbetsgrupp samt hur detta kan påverka individen oc

Problem: Det finns, enligt vår tolkning, en problematik inom ledarskapsforskning då vissa forskare fokuserar på kvinnans styrkor och förmågor medan andra poängterar mannens. Därtill finns de som ser till individen och dess beteende. Ledarskapsforskare angriper ämnet olika och lyfter därmed fram skilda synsätt gällande kvinnliga och manliga ledare. Då forskning, när den når ut, genererar kunskap ti