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The current study looks at residential electricity consumption trends in a middle income country – South Africa over the period 1978-2010. The country is put in a comparative perspective with regard to its household electricity sector to both OECD and Non-OECD nations and similarities and differences are discussed. Further, by using a recently developed econometric technique - the bounds testing p
Marine insurance is one of the oldest forms of protection methods against the loss. It has a very long history and is associated with the development of the maritime business. When the assured is facing a loss caused by the third party, he has the free choice of suing the insurer or the third party. The problem raised under this circumstance. The assured has the possibility of double recovery that
In many biological mechanisms galectins play important roles. The galectins are important in inflammation, immunologic response and cancer. A key function of galectins is cross-linking of their glycoprotein ligands which are connected with the biological activities. Carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD) are responsible for the cross-linking. The galectin CRDs are divided into subsites A-E and it
Cancer is today a common disease in our society. There are several forms of cancer and some can be treated with cytostatic drogs. The most common form of cancer among men in the age of 20-35 is testicular cancer. Testicular cancer can be treatedwith cisplatin or oxaliplatin. The therapeutic use of cisplatin was discovered in the late 60's by Barnett Rosenberg. The main target of cisplatin is t
Background: Chemokines are small molecular weight proteins, which mainly function as a chemoattractant cytokines for leukocyte migration. Emerging data indicate that chemokines may also play a role in cancer biology. Colon cancer is one of the most leading causes of death especially in the industrial world. The most common causes of mortality are due to the metastasis of colon cancer. Aim: The aim
Absorption and emission of photons by any molecule is strongly in uenced by the molecular environment. When several chromophores are packed together their spectral properties are known to be altered and this is canonically ex- plained by quantum theory as electromagnetic interactions between the dipole moments. If the interaction is strong, the absorption process might be best described as the cre
Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) have recently attracted much attention because of their unique electronic and optical properties and potential for a wide range of applications. Near-infrared (NIR) PbS QDs were synthesized using oleic acid (OA) as a surfactant for stabilizing the nanocrystals. PbS QD’s of different diameters were obtained by varying the injection temperat
The continued search for compounds exhibiting a better inhibition of Galectin-3 and -1 has been performed in this thesis. It has been shown that the Galectins are over-expressed in cancer cells and play an important role in inflammatory conditions connected to apoptosis (cell death). The focus in this research project has been to explore if halogen-bonding, which gives a hydrogen-bond like charact
Measuring pharmacokinetic properties is notoriously difficult. The invitro/ex vivo laboratory experiments seek to mimic the physiological responses of the body to the drug, but it rarely gives a good estimate of what happens in vivo. Lipophilicity is traditionally measured by the shake-flask method,in which the distribution of the analyte between two immiscible phases (one organic, one aqueous) is
The narrow and redshirted absorption bands of J–aggregates relative to the monomer absorption, coupled with their ability to coherently and incoherently delocalise exciton wave function over several hundreds of molecules has made this class of molecules very important in high technology fields. This has provided new impetus to study the properties of J–aggregates and to explore the mechanism invol
Hemicellulose is next to cellulose the most abundant polysaccharide on earth and as such an important renewable resource. Mannans are the major hemicellulose in so:ftwodd and are found as storage polysaccharide in various plants. -mannanases are the main mannan degrading enzymes. In this work the -1,4-mannanase from the soilliving bacteria Cellulosamas Jimi was studied and special focus was put on
Detailed weather predictions are of interest e.g. to protect humans and society from damages caused by extreme weather. To do this today’s forecast models need higher resolution, i.e. less distance between measure points. So-called non-hydrostatic models are used when this distance decreases. The development of this type of models has progressed during the past 20 years due to more powerful comput
Kliniskt verksamma logopeder har uttalat ett stort behov av lämpliga test för bedömning av elevers aktiva ordförråd. De test som används för detta ändamål idag är inte optimala bland annat på grund av att de inte är konstruerade utifrån svenska förhållanden. Vi har som ett första steg till att tillgodose det aktuella behovet konstruerat ett material för bedömning av aktivt ordförråd. Vårt arbete g
Cochleaimplantat (CI) ger döva och gravt hörselskadade barn möjlighet att höra då en hörapparat inte är ett tillräckligt hjälpmedel. Därigenom får barnen förutsättningar för att utveckla ett talat språk och att utveckla sina röster. I den aktuella studien undersöktes om en tränad lyssnargrupp kunde höra några generella skillnader mellan rösterna hos fyra förskolebarn med CI och fyra barn med norma
Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) are membrane-bound receptors which bind the Fc fragment of antigen-bound IgGs. The binding generates cell signaling and subsequently an immunological response. In this way FcγRs are important links between the humoral and cellular parts of the immune system. Three families of FcγRs have been identified in human, FcγRI, FcγRII and FcγRIII. FcγRI has high affinity for IgG
The non-enzymatic browning of glucose was investigated by accelerating the glucose degradation with or without heating glucose solutions for 1 h at 100°C with different reagents. Evaluation of the glucose degradation was performed using two types of glucose, glucose A and glucose B, in order to investigate the influence of the glucose manufacturing process on glucose discoloration. The color forma
Flera undersökningar har visat att arbetsminnet spelar en stor roll vid problemlösning, språkförståelse och långtidsinlärning. Eftersom den mesta forskningen hittills har gjorts på barn var vårt syfte att testa unga vuxna, vilket här innebär gymnasieelever i år 2 och 3. Testpersonerna var från 17:4 till 20:1 år. Vi ville få en inblick i hur unga vuxna kommer ihåg nya ord, som de hört i en kontext,
Plants require sunlight to be able to perform photosynthesis but an excess of intense sunlight is harmful to the organism and therefore needs a method to protect itself. Violaxanthin De-Epoxidase (VDE) is located inside the thylakoid lumen and catalyzes the de-epoxidation of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin. Zeaxanthin absorbs the harmful light and dissipates the energy by emitting heat. How this enzyma
Dysfagi kan innebära en påtagligt försämrad livskvalitet. För de allra flesta är en förändrad kostkonsistens helt nödvändig för att sväljningen skall kunna ske på ett säkert och effektivt sätt. Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka om livskvaliteten förändrades hos personer med sväljningsproblem efter att de blev rekommenderade kostkonsistens anpassad efter aktuell dysfunktion. Studien i
