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Barely a month before the end of World War II, a technical report begun circulating among allied scientists: the ‘First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC’, attributed to John von Neumann, described for the first time the design and implementation of the earliest stored-program computer. The ‘First Draft’ became the template followed by subsequent British and American computers, establishing the stand
In many fields connected to architecture and urban design, the term 'resilience' has grown common and tends to stand for a variety of different things. What this paper intends to do is to work with the term under a rather basic understanding - that of systems capable of performing even after being altered. Specifically, this means the extent to which a spatial configuration is sensitive to smaller
In analyses of affordances and opportunities in different neighbourhoods it is found that access to public buildings and a well-functioning public space are of outmost importance. This is found to be especially important in neighbourhoods having a population with fewer resources, areas often discussed in terms as ‘deprived’ or ‘excluded’, concepts that alludes to the phenomenon of segregation. Pre
We develop and validate diffuse optical tomography methods based on interstitial fluorescence measurements for the reconstruction of fluorescent photosensitizing drug spatial distribution. We propose another phase in the tomographic reconstruction algorithm resulting in quantitatively more accurate reconstruction. This quantitative information can be used to monitor the temporal evolution of the p
Thermographic phosphors thermometry was used to measure engine valves and transparent piston temperatures in two dimensions as well point wise of a running, optically accessible, gasoline direct injection engine. The engine, fueled with isooctane, was operated in continuous and skip-fire mode at 1200 and 2000 rpm. A calibration of the phosphorescence lifetime and spectral properties against temper
Recently, Burger et al. (2011) developed a new 1-D SST model which allows for more realistic predictions of the sludge settling behaviour than traditional 1-D models used to date. However, the addition of a compression function in this new 1-D model complicates the model calibration. This study aims to report advances in the calibration of this novel 1-D model. Data of the evolution of the sludge
Ett av underlagen till Lunds universitets utvecklingsprojekt EQ11 utgjordes av en undersökning av samspelet mellan examensmålen för forskarutbildningen och bedömningens utformning vid ett eller flera forskarutbildningsämnen från varje fakultet/område. Undersökningen utfördes under perioden februari-april 2011 och innebar att varje fakultetsledning utsåg de ämnen som skulle ingå. Redovisningen bygg
Retrieval orientation describes the modulation in the processing of retrieval cues by the nature of the targeted material in memory. Retrieval orientation is usually investigated by analyzing the cortical responses to new (unstudied) material when different memory contents are targeted. This approach avoids confounding effects of retrieval success. We investigated the neural correlates of retrieva
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The paper addresses some key problems that arise in applications of adaptive control to industrial processes, prior knowledge, design based on simplified models, initialization and start up. Different ways of solving the problems are discussed. A new technique for automatic tuning of simple control loops is presented. The method has the advantage of automatically generating test signals whose prop
The concentrations of sulfur and several more elements were measured in a network of six sites in southern Sweden. High time resolution samples were taken using a continuous filter sampler and analysed by particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Simultaneous increases in the sulfur concentrations were seen along the network due to the inflow of polluted air masses. High sulfur concentrations genera
In this seminar paper, I attempt an in-depth analysis of a collection of articles published in historical periodicals in Finland 1990-2000. My main interest concerns how the writers – mainly professional historians, representatives of scientific ideals of their age – discussed the idea of the Finnish nation during this decade, and how these discussions reflect a certain understanding of the work o
Problem statement. Despite their success-story, neural networks have one major disadvantage compared to other techniques: the inability to explain comprehensively how a trained neural network reaches its output; neural networks are not only (incorrectly) seen as a “magic tool” but possibly even more as a mysterious “black box” [1]. This is an important aspect of the functionality of any technology
