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Development of new railway timetabling rules for increased robustness

Due to high demand and capacity consumption, railway timetables are often sensitive to disturbances. To maintain punctual operations, it is important that timetables are robust, and methods are needed that make them robust without consuming too much capacity. In this paper, we demonstrate how a policy change in the form of new timetable planning rules can be used to achieve more robust timetables.

Gut Microbiome Composition in Dystonia Patients

Dystonia is a movement disorder in which patients have involuntary abnormal movements or postures. Non-motor symptoms, such as psychiatric symptoms, sleep problems and fatigue, are common. We hypothesise that the gut microbiome might play a role in the pathophysiology of the (non-)motor symptoms in dystonia via the gut-brain axis. This exploratory study investigates the composition of the gut micr

S100B predicts neurological injury and 30-day mortality following surgery for acute type A aortic dissection : an observational cohort study

Background: Neurological injuries are frequent following Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) repair occurring in 4–30% of all patients. Our objective was to study whether S100B can predict neurological injury following ATAAD repair. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study. The study included all patients that underwent ATAAD repair at our institution between Jan 19

Carbon taxes and agriculture: the benefit of a multilateral agreement

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture is crucial to reach global and regional climate targets. However, the efficiency of unilateral climate policies aimed at taxing emissions might be hampered by carbon leakage. One way to eliminate leakage is to implement a global carbon tax. In this article, we study the effects of a carbon tax in agriculture on GHG emissions by simulating five polReducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture is crucial to reach global and regional climate targets. However, the efficiency of unilateral climate policies aimed at taxing emissions might be hampered by carbon leakage. One way to eliminate leakage is to implement a global carbon tax. In this article, we study the effects of a carbon tax in agriculture on GHG emissions by simulating five pol

Sulfidation of Supported Ni, Mo and NiMo Catalysts Studied by In Situ XAFS

Active sites in Mo-based hydrotreating catalysts are produced by sulfidation. To achieve insights that may enable optimization of the catalysts, this process should be studied in situ. Herein we present a comparative XAFS study where the in situ sulfidation of Mo/δ-Al2O3 and Ni/δ-Al2O3 is compared to that of δ-Al2O3 supported NiMo catalysts with different NiMo ratios. The study also covers the com

Impact of silencing eEF2K expression on the malignant properties of chordoma

Background: Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase, eEF2K) is a calcium calmodulin dependent protein kinase that keeps the highest energy consuming cellular process of protein synthesis under check through negative regulation. eEF2K pauses global protein synthesis rates at the translational elongation step by phosphorylating its only kown substrate elongation

Mindre här men mer där – problemet med läckage av växthusgaser inom jordbruket

Sverige och EU har satt upp ambitiösa mål för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser. Jordbruket står för en stor del av utsläppen och kraftfulla styrmedel behövs. Samtidigt sker handel med jordbruksprodukter på världsmarknaden, vilket innebär att styrmedel som visserligen minskar utsläppen i Sverige och EU också kan leda till att produktion och utsläpp ökar utanför EU – så kallat utsläppsläckage. H

Fördelar med en global klimatskatt för jordbruket

Jordbruket står för en stor del av de globala utsläppen av växthusgaser och ett globalt klimatavtal skulle minska utsläppen.Ett sådant avtal är emellertid svårt att nå. Vi har undersökt hur utsläppen från jordbruket påverkas av en global klimatskatt i olikautformningar och av en klimatskatt som endast införs i EU. Vi finner att:• En global skatt som är lika hög i alla länder ger en relativt stor u

Nitrifikationshämmare - ett sätt att minska förlusten av kväve från jordbruksmarken?

Nitrifikationshämmare (NI) är ett preparat som kan appliceras i samband med gödselspridning. Syftet är att minska risken för kväveläckage och utsläpp av lustgas från jordbruksmark genom att fördröja kvävets omvandling i marken. Denna studie ger en översikt av forskningsläget för NI. Flera studier visar att NI kan ge stora reduktioner av kväveförluster vid rätt förhållanden.Dock finns kunskapslucko

“Therapy without a therapist?” The experiences of adolescents and their parents of online behavioural activation for depression with and without therapist support

Behavioural Activation (BA) is an established treatment for adults with depression, and research on BA for adolescents is promising. However, there is a knowledge gap in terms of the experiences of adolescents and their parents BA for depression delivered online. Furthermore, there have been no previous studies conducted on the experiences of respondents with regard to the role of the therapist in

Automated quantification of PET/CT skeletal tumor burden in prostate cancer using artificial intelligence : The PET index

Purpose: Consistent assessment of bone metastases is crucial for patient management and clinical trials in prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to develop a fully automated convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model for calculating PET/CT skeletal tumor burden in patients with PCa. Methods: A total of 168 patients from three centers were divided into training, validation, and test groups. Manual an

Mean motion resonance capture in the context of type i migration

Capture into mean motion resonance (MMR) is an important dynamical mechanism because it shapes the final architecture of a planetary system. We simulate systems of two or three planets undergoing migration with varied initial parameters such as planetary mass and disk surface density and analyse the resulting resonant chains. In contrast to previous studies, our results show that the disk properti

Grundkartläggning av konst- och kulturutbildningar i Skåne : Rapport för Region Skånes kulturförvaltning

Denna rapport har sammanställts på uppdrag av Region Skånes kulturförvaltning under perioden mars – september 2022. Kartläggningsuppdraget är en del i Region Skånes arbete med att stärka samverkan mellan kultur- och utbildningssektorn inom utvecklingsområdet konstnärligt skapande. Syftet med rapporten är att ge en både övergripande och detaljerad bild av befintlig utbildningsinfrastruktur i Skåne,

Comparison of guideline- and model-based WWTP design for uncertain influent conditions

In this study, two methods for wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) dimensioning were compared: (1) a traditional guideline-based approach, and (2) a mechanistic model-based approach. The design outputs depended on uncertainties in correlated influent concentrations, which emphasises the importance of uncertainty analysis. The results showed that model-based design could simplify and reduce the time