Åland's status as a demilitarized and neutralized zone has achieved customary status and is defended by all parties involved. The Åland solution was historically a way of disarming the risks of a militarized and fortified Åland in a way that all parties could accept. But at the same time, demilitarization means that the military threshold for an attack is low, which in itself creates security

Sweden is currently without a functioning system to secure the supply of food in crisis and war. After the Cold War, the security policy orientation was characterized by peace, disarmament and the dismantling of both civilian and military readiness capabilities. The former assessment that Russia could not pose a threat to Sweden and our neighbouring countries has recently fundamentally changed. Th

In this study, the reagent 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) and high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) were used for carbohydrate characterisation. It was revealed that the DNS reaction is not exclusive to reducing ends as commonly thought, but rather that the reagent reacts with other parts of the carbohydrate molecules as well. HPAEC analysis was used to find how the product distr

The purpose of this Essay is to study whether Swedish Army Officers of today are less prepared for an armed conflict than their older colleagues. The study is a text analysis of Meir Finkel’s theory on Cognitive and Command Flexibility, Swedish military Doctrines and other relevant documents. A research report put together by Swedish Defence Research Agency examining the process of career developm

In 2016 Max Abrahms and Justin Conrad published a study that resulted in a theory regarding anonymous terrorist attacks. Terrorism is a political communication strategy used by groups to communicate their grievances and the cost of ignoring them. In practice, however, terrorist groups only take responsibility for a small fraction of all attacks. Terrorist leaders are not honored for the violence a

What was it that prompted a security policy-differentiated action between Sweden and Denmark as a counter action to the Russian power built up with landing ships in the Baltic Sea region mid-January 2022? This study will try to provide answers to this. We look at it as a comparative case study with two of Keren Yarhi-Milo´s theories from the book The Behavior thesis: Knowing the adversary from 201

In the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF) only few female naval officers reach the position of Commanding Officer (CO) of a naval warship. This, even though the percentage of female officers in the Navy is high compared to the entire SAF. This hampers SAF equality ambitions because a command on the lower levels is a stepping-stone towards higher leadership positions. In this student paper eight female nav

The purpose of this study is to survey the Swedish peoples trust to welfare from the perspective of the changes that have occurred since 1986. Have these changes affected Swedish peoples view of the welfare state and of the state itself? The focus of this study is whether and how views of the welfare state have changed during the 1986-2004 period. The Study conducts an analysis based on surveys ma

In this study, the process surrounding the provision in Chapter 16, Section 4 of the Environmental Code on municipal vetoes in wind power establishments is examined. The aim is to apply John W Kingdon's theory Multiple streams framework on the way from its introduction in 2009, to the outcome of the National Strategy for a Sustainable Wind Power Expansion issued in 2021. Following the publicat

This project aims to explore the possibilities of living sustainable lives in urban environments. I focus my project on food waste composting in apartments. I collected interviews about the problems people had with disposing of food waste in their apartments, and by searching the literature to select the most suitable composting ways. I have studied and summarized the problems of current products

The impact of conscription on the willingness to defend one`s country is not clear in previous science. In a number of governmental documents published by the Swedish government, emphasize the need of broad popular support among the people regarding defending Sweden. As we now face an increased need of participation in the total defence and increased recruitment to the Swedish armed forces, there

According to a recent report by “Syria Relief” organisation, 75% of the Syrian Refugees who left Syria in the last six years are suffering from at least seven symptoms of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Youth refugees are not finding the support they need; some of them are not even aware that they need it, which leads to a lack of communication and understanding in the evaluation of t

Since the end of the cold war, Sweden's security policy has shifted from neutrality to a policy of solidarity. The deteriorating security situation in recent years in the Baltic sea region and in Europe has increased the political will in Sweden to implement and develop defence co-operation with other states. Swedish-Finnish defence co-operation is the most developed of Sweden's different

This study aims to identify the factors that influenced and shaped the Swedish defence decisions of 1925 and 2004. In addition, the study examines whether there were mutual factors between the defence decisions. Both defence decisions were made in an era of faith in the future after years of conflict and war. The First World War had ended, and the Cold War had ended a couple of years before the de

Object and context are inseparable. Meaning, interpretation and function are derived from the relation between them. Extrapolate emphasizes the connection between the object and its physical context. The luminaire is the start of a series of objects, which extend their presence by relating closely to the existing context – complementing it instead of working against it. The light source is suspen

En människa gråter av nyhackad lök, hostar av rök och känner en brännande känsla i munnen av att äta wasabi. Det som ligger till grund för detta är Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), en receptor i cellmembranet av nervceller. Ett stort antal irriterande ämnen, som allylisotiocyanat i wasabi, aktiverar TRPA1. I sin aktiva konformation, sänder TRPA1 ut en signal som omvandlas av nervsysTransient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a nonspecific cation channel activated by a wide range of stimuli. The polymodal receptor resides in the cell membrane of sensory neurons and plays a key role in nociceptive pain transmission. Environmental irritants such as allyl isothiocyanate, an electrophile found in wasabi, activate TRPA1. In this work, the goal was to lay the basis for struct

Sammanfattning Markavvattning innebär att en åtgärd som genomförs permanent ändrar markens vattenförhållanden. Detta görs för att marken ska bli lämplig att använda genom att ta bort oönskat vatten genom dränering eller dikning. Det kan också vara genom skydd mot vatten vid invallning. Markavvattning ska uppfylla syftet att varaktigt öka en fastighets lämplighet för ett visst ändamål. Ett markavvDrainage units are measures that permanently modify the water conditions of the land. This is done through drainage or dikes to make the soil more suitable for use by removing unwanted water. Drainage units shall fulfill the purpose of permanently increasing the suitability of a property for a specific purpose. A joint drainage unit is a drainage unit commonly used by several properties. For execu

At the turn of the twentieth century, Swedish painter Eugène Jansson created a series of paintings inspired by the city nights of Stockholm. This bachelor thesis examines the paintings in relation to urban gay spaces and sexual meetings in the early nineteen hundreds. The paintings by Jansson, himself a homosexual male, have at a few times vaguely been described as portraying the moments before an

Spain, Portugal, and Greece have experienced a rise of challenger radical left-wing parties alongside an already established radical left-wing in the 2000’s. This prompts the question how the new and established radical left differ in positioning and salience on the economic and cultural policy dimension. Using quantitative empirics from the Chapel Hill Expert Survey and the Manifesto Project Data