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Background – Advancing the development of highly efficacious and long-lasting malaria vaccines is hampered by incomplete knowledge of protective immune mechanisms and an absence of established correlates of immunity. Antibody avidity is frequently evaluated as an indicator of a high-quality or protective antibody response to vaccination. However, the importance of avidity in vaccine-induced immuni
Many Japanese regional cities face population decline, industrial constraints, and limited resources for decarbonization, yet hold untapped potential in the residential and commercial sectors through local energy use. This chapter develops a carbon neutrality (CN) strategy for Tochigi Prefecture and evaluates its feasibility with particular attention to social acceptance. Six scenarios were create
Absorption of chemicals through the skin affects occupational and environmental exposure to diverse compounds. We previously showed that loss-of-function (null) mutations and low–copy number variants (CNV) of Filaggrin (FLG), which encodes a key skin barrier protein, increased dermal chemical absorption; however, the FLG genotype did not explain all the observed variation. Here, we explore the eff
The initiation of adaptive immunity requires antigen presentation in immune inductive sites. Classical dendritic cells (cDC) sense peripheral immune response inducing cues and migrate to the tissue-draining lymph nodes upon engagement, where they present acquired antigen to cognate T cells. Vaccines include adjuvants, which enable cDC activation and migration, both essential steps in the cascade l
Background: Complex endovascular repair has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs). The aim of this study was to assess the short- and mid-term outcomes of endovascular TAAA repair in Sweden. Methods: All endovascular TAAA repairs performed during 2018–2023 were identified in the Swedish Vascular (Swedvasc) Registry. Patient characteristics, opera
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by accelerated destruction of peripheral platelets and impaired megakaryopoiesis. While the cellular effectors, dysregulated T cells, hyperactive B cells and phagocytic macrophages are well characterized, the upstream epigenetic mechanisms orchestrating this multicellular immune network remain largely elusive. This review
Additive manufacturing enables multi-material functionally graded materials (FGMs) with expanded functionality, yet post-machining remains challenging because flow stress varies with composition. This paper presents a data-efficient, physics-guided Gaussian process (GP) model for predicting milling forces in SS316/IN718 FGMs without repeated force-coefficient identification. A physics-based millin
Background: Limonene and linalool are fragrance terpenes that undergo autoxidation to sensitizing hydroperoxides. This study assessed the penetration of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide from patch test preparations in ex vivo human skin samples, alongside analysing the effects of the patch test preparations on the composition of skin lipids, using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass
Biodiversity offsetting (BO) is a neoliberal conservation policy formulated in international policy arenas and later integrated into national policies in several countries. Studies of BO policy have shed light on diverse social and environmental justice concerns on the local levels of policy implementation. However, much of the research on justice questions in BO has centred on the distribution of
Despite intense investigation through centuries, there is still no scientific consensus on how to describe myocardial microarchitecture. This is mainly because the myocardium must be visualised in three dimensions, and with sufficiently high resolution to fully appreciate its complex nature. X-ray microtomography allows for exactly such visualisation. Using this technique, we herein provide a desc
Background: The global energy transition toward climate neutrality is driving rapid growth in the demand for critical minerals such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. While indispensable for decarbonization, their extraction, processing, and recycling expose workers, communities, and ecosystems to toxic metals, including lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, and manganese, raising significant public healt
Objectives: Although obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is strongly associated with a range of modifiable somatic health problems, little is known about how the disorder influences the adoption and maintenance of healthy lifestyle habits, as well as how it shapes patients' experiences of seeking and receiving general healthcare. Methods: Sixteen individuals with OCD and cardiometabolic risk who p
We transform large-scale Swedish register data into textual life trajectories to address two long-standing challenges in data analysis: high cardinality of categorical variables and inconsistencies in coding schemes over time. Leveraging this uniquely comprehensive population register, we convert register data from 6.9 million individuals (2001–2013) into semantically rich texts and predict indivi
Historians as well as sociologists of higher education by now agree that European supranational policies and processes of European integration dramatically changed European universities during the last quarter of the 20th century—often calling this a process of “Europeanisation”. But how and when did this Europeanisation start, which ideas and ambitions for Europe did it entail, and what did the t
Digital rights management (DRM) is crucial in safeguarding digital content in today's digital era. However, with the advancement of attack techniques, DRM systems face significant threats from key exposure, leading to increased piracy. To counter this, various DRM solutions utilizing white-box encryption schemes have been developed to prevent key exposure. Unfortunately, many existing solutions ex
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic placed considerable pressure on nursing homes, where care workers faced high workloads, uncertainty, and emotional strain while also being expected to implement extensive infection prevention and control (IPC) measures. Understanding how such everyday experiences affect adherence to IPC measures is essential for strengthening future guideline implementation and tr
BACKGROUND: – The optimal management of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remains unclear, and evidence supporting routine percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) beforehand is limited. This study aimed to evaluate whether PCI before TAVR provides clinical benefit compared with conservative management in patients with significant coronary
Nerve surgery for unmeasurable upper extremity neuropathophysiology - such as pronator syndrome, supinator syndrome/radial tunnel syndrome, lacertus syndrome, and neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome - remains a subject of ongoing debate due to the lack of objective reference tests confirming the diagnoses. This round table discussion outlines the perspectives of five expert surgeons navigating the
BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunctions are associated with increased cancer morbidity and rapid tumor progression. The alpha1-oleate complex has been used successfully to treat bladder cancer in a placebo-controlled Phase II study. Studies of the related BAMLET complexes recently identified effects on metabolism, suggesting additional functions of the "HAMLET family" of tumoricidal complexes.AIMS: To
