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We report high-pressure Raman, infrared (IR), and optical-absorption spectra of α-ZrMo2O8 (trigonal) up to 38 GPa at room temperature. The spectroscopic studies are consistent with diffraction results that show that α-ZrMo2O8 transforms into δ-ZrMo2O8 (monoclinic) at about 1 GPa and the δ phase converts to the ε phase (triclinic) at about 2.0 GPa. Optical-absorption measurements give an estimate o
High-pressure synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction studies of TiP2O7, ZrP2O7 and ZrV2O7 have been performed. The ZrV2O7 structure undergoes a reversible transition at 1.38-1.58 GPa from cubic α- to pseudo-tetragonal β-ZrV2O7 that displays an orthorhombic 2 × 3 × 3 supercell. At pressures above 4 GPa, ZrV2O7 becomes irreversibly X-ray amorphous. No such transformations are observed for TiP2O7 and Z
The martensitic face centered cubic (fcc)-to-hexagonal close packing (hcp) transformations in xenon were studied using angle-resolved x-ray diffraction patterns. The crystal structure data of xenon over a wide range of high pressure and temperature was analyzed to study the stacking disorders and growth of domains of hcp xenon coexisting with fcc xenon. The analysis confirmed that the formation of
Seismological studies have revealed that a complex texture or heterogeneity exists in the Earth's inner core and at the boundary between core and mantle. These studies highlight the importance of understanding the properties of iron when modelling the composition and dynamics of the core and the interaction of the core with the lowermost mantle. One of the main problems in inferring the compositio
A study was conducted to quantify the extraordinary feature of materials of becoming easier to squeeze when pressure is applied to them. This feature was verified by measurements of P-V relations for cubic iron-nickel alloys for three different compositions: Fe0.64Ni0.36, Fe0.55Ni0.45, and Fe0.20Ni0.80.
The stability of KAISi3O8 hollandite-type structure is investigated in a series of synthesis experiments between 20 and 95 GPa at 650(±50) °C and between 1200 to 2300 °C, using electrically- and laser-heated diamond anvil cells, respectively. Potassium feldspar transformed to a hollandite-type structure in the experimental pressure range from 20 to 95 GPa at temperatures between 1200 to 2300 °C, w
The crystal structures of Nb3Te4 and InxNb3Te4 [x = 0.539 (4)] are reported for a series of pressures between 0 and 40 GPa. Both compounds crystallize in space group P63/m with a = b = 10.671 and c = 3.6468 Å for Nb3Te4, and a = b = 10.677 and c = 3.6566 Å for InxNb3Te4 at ambient conditions. Phase transitions were not observed. High-pressure X-ray powder diffraction was measured using a diamond a
Even under a pressure of 46 GPa, the low-symmetry lone-pair structures of isoelectronic TIF and PbO (see picture for β-PbO), classic examples of systems with a stereochemically active lone pair, resist transformation into the corresponding high-symmetry NaCl and CsCl structures. Ab initio calculations allowed a simple bonding picture for lone-pair structures involving inert-pair elements to be dev
The ultrastructure of the upper tibial epiphyseal plate during the development of acute, experimental scurvy in the guinea pig was investigated. The cartilage was examined after the animals had been maintained, under standardized conditions, on a scorbutogenic diet for 8, 15, or 23 days. Progressive fine structural changes were observed in the experimental animals. Within the chondrocytes, the cis
The effects of in vivo zinc deficiency and restricted food intake, on the in vitro synthesis of glycosaminoglycans of rib cartilage were studied in the rat. 35S-sulfate and 14C-glucosamine were used as precursors. The glycosaminoglycans were separated on microcolumns and specific radioactivities determined for the different fractions. Chemical analyses showed that zinc deficiency or reduced food i
