Although market-based environmental policy instruments feature prominently in economic theory and are widely employed, they often face public resistance. We argue that such resistance may be driven by moral responsibility, where citizens prefer to tackle the environmental problems that they have caused by themselves, rather than delegating the task to others by means of a market mechanism. Using a

In this paper, the basic properties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) condensates are presented, together with theirs relation to the operator product expansion (OPE) and the two-point and three-point Green functions constructed of chiral currents. Next, our newest results for the contribution of the QCD condensates with dimension D < 6 to the Green functions calculated within the framework of χPT/R

This paper reports the results of a lab experiment designed to study the role of observability for peer effects in the setting of a simple production task. In our experiment, participants in the role of workers engage in a team real-effort task. We vary whether they can observe, or be observed by, one of their co-workers. In contrast to earlier findings from the field, we find no evidence that low

One of the hallmark findings from behavioral economics is that choices are sensitive to the context they are presented in. However, the strength of such 'framing effects' varies between studies, and some studies fail to find any effect at all. A long line of research has argued that the presence and size of framing effects depend to a large extent on whether people use higher or lower-level mental

Previous studies have proposed a link between corruption and wages in the public sector. The present paper investigates this link using a laboratory experiment. In the experiment, public officials have the opportunity to accept a bribe and can then decide between a neutral and a corrupt action. The corrupt action benefits the briber but poses a large negative externality on a charity. The results

Approaches to positioning predominantly examine the input and outcome effectiveness of certain positioning strategies. However, less is known about the positioning management process and internal dynamics. This study remedies this limitation by identifying corporate brand positioning (CBP) in industrial firms as a strategic development process. Based on comparative case studies within two globally

We experimentally investigate behavioral drivers of bribery, focusing on the role of self-interest, reciprocity, and moral costs associated with distorting judgment. In our laboratory experiment, two participants compete for a prize; a referee picks the winner. Participants can bribe the referee. When the referee can keep only the winner's bribe, bribes distort her judgment. When the referee keeps

Background: In India, excess female under-5 mortality is well documented. Under-5 mortality is also known to be patterned by socioeconomic factors. This study examines sex differentials and sex-specific wealth gradients in neonatal, postneonatal and child mortality in India. Methods: Repeated cross-sectional study of nationally representative samples of 298 955 children 0-60 months old from the Na

In reply to Marquette and Peiffer's article “Grappling With the ‘Real Politics’ of Systemic Corruption: Theoretical Debates Versus ‘Real-World’ Functions,” this article employs three criticisms: Marquette and Peiffer's call to grapple with the “real politics of corruption” does not bring much new to the table, is conceptually flawed, and risks serving as an excuse for corrupt elites to pursue “bus

A new state-of-the-art thermoelectric material, Tl 2 Ag 12 Te 7+δ , which possesses an extremely low thermal conductivity of about 0.25 W m -1 K -1 and a high figure-of-merit of up to 1.1 at 525 K, was obtained using a conventional solid-state reaction approach. Its subcell is a variant of the Zr 2 Fe 12 P 7 type, but ultimately its structure was refined as a composite structure of a Tl 2 Ag 12 T

Exploratory synthesis in the area of polar intermetallics has yielded a rich variety of structures that offer clues into the transition in bonding between Zintl and Hume-Rothery phases. In this article, we present a bonding analysis of one such compound, Ca10Pt7Si3, whose large Ca content offers the potential for negative formal oxidation states on the Pt. The structure can be divided into a subla

The structure of β-Mn crystallizes in space group P4 132. The pseudo 8-fold nature of the 4 1 axes makes it constitute an approximant to the octagonal quasicrystals. In this paper we analyze why a five-dimensional super space group containing mutually perpendicular 8-fold axes cannot generate P4 132 on projection to 3-d space and how this may instead be accomplished from a six-dimensional model. A

Semitransparent dark-red or ruby-red moisture- and air-sensitive single crystals of A 10+x[Ge 9] 2[W 1-xNb xO 4] (A = K, Rb; x = 0, 0.35) were obtained by high-temperature solid-state reactions. The crystal structure of the compounds was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. They crystallize in a new structure type (P2 1/c, Z = 4) with a = 13.908(1) Å, b = 15.909(1) Å, c = 17

Background: Dietary compliance assessments are absent in clinical studies on Paleolithic diet. We therefore developed a ‘Paleolithic Diet Fraction’ (PDF), calculated as the fraction of intake from Paleolithic food groups, to assess compliance with Paleolithic diet in a previously reported study. Methods: 29 male patients with ischemic heart disease, impaired glucose tolerance and waist circumferen

Thermoelectric materials are semiconductors that are characterized by poor thermal transport. A large class of interesting compounds for thermoelectric applications are therefore structurally complex intermetallics. This paper deals with two groups of intermetallics, one defined from the point of view of their structures, the Rock-Salt like structures, and the other from their chemical composition

In the Sb-Nb-S-Se system, a new misfit layer compound (MSL) has been synthesized and its structure was determined by combining single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. It presents a composite crystal structure formed by (SbS1-xSe x) slabs stacking alternately with double NbS2 layers and both can be treated as separate monoclinic subsystems. The

A systematic study of the Zn-rich corner of the ternary system Zn-Sb-In revealed the presence of two ternary compounds: stable Zn5Sb4In2-δ (δ=0.15) and metastable Zn9Sb6In2 with closely related crystal structures. Their common motif is a tetragonal basic structure of 32434 nets formed by the Sb atoms. The nets are stacked in antiposition to yield layers of square antiprisms sharing edges plus inte

The crystal structure of the new phase, Ca2Ag 1.83Al0.67Ge1.50(1) (1) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, after the compound was obtained by high temperature synthesis technique. 1 crystallizes with the NbCoB type structure in the orthorhombic space group Pmmn (no. 59) with unit cell parameters: a = 20.505(1) Â, b = 4.3807(2) Å c = 7.2211(3) Å, V= 648.65 Å3 (Z = 5). The structure o

A detailed study of the structure of α-Cd13-xSb 10 was performed using a high quality single crystal obtained from a cadmiumrich melt. The study clearly shows that this sample is cadmium-deficient, and should more properly be labelled α-Cd13-xSb10, but whether this is true in general for this phase, or if it is an effect of the precise conditions of synthesis remains unclear. Like for the similar

A study was conducted to investigate the geometrical and electronic connections of Re4Si7 to the rich structural chemistry of the Nowotny Chimmney Ladder phases (NCL). Re4Si7 was prepared by arc-melting a pressed pellet of Re and Si in a stoichiometric ratio, sealing the resulting globule in an excavating quartz tube, and annealing the sample in a muffle furnace. It was found that NCLs were interm