This article analyses existing assumptions about state identity within contemporary International Relations theory, arguing that the quest for the identity of the state leads to either circularity or regress. Departing from commonsensical criteria of self-identity such as indivisibility, distinctness and spatiotemporal continuity, this article examines how these criteria are interpreted and applie

The biotechnology industry has recently been demanding second generation of nanoparticle byproducts such as viruses, plasmids, virus-like particles and drug-delivery assemblies (20-300 nm). The possibility of preparing uniform nanoparticles consisting of proteins such as gelatin followed by covalent linkage of avidin was investigated. Gelatin nanoparticles were prepared by two-step desolvation. As

Albumin-based cryogels for capturing haemin were synthesised by crosslinking different biomolecules, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA). The impact of the protein and coupling agent concentrations on cryogel’s mechanical properties, swelling ratios and polymerisation yields, as well as autoclaving as a post-treatment on the cryogel, were studied. We found that BSA (50 mg/ml) and the cr

Eupergit C, an acrylic polymer support containing oxirane groups, for pseudo affinity adsorption of bioproducts was modified and functionalized by 1,2-ethanedithiol followed by graft copolymerization of 3- acrylamidophenylboronic acid and N,N-dimethylacrylamide. The resin was characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy and was subjected to biochemical evaluation through batch binding a

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are fascinating structures with a wide range of applications and several methods have been developed for their fabrication. The arc-discharge in liquid method is a new technique for synthesis of nanocarbon structures and is recognized as a low-cost method. In this work, this method was used for fabrication of carbon nanotubes, and subsequently a modified acid treatment meth

A novel prototype polymer-coated adsorbent (PCA) has been developed for the effective expanded bed recovery of protein products from particulate feedstocks. The adsorbents were manufactured using the three-phase emulsification process by which the selected core phases (anion- and cation-exchangers and a custom-assembled pseudo-affinity adsorbent) were coated by an agarose gel. This new non-stick e

In recent years, significant effort has been devoted to develop nanotechnology for drug delivery since it offers a suitable means of delivering small molecular weight drugs, as well as macromolecules such as proteins, peptides or genes by either localized or targeted delivery to the tissue of interest. Nanotechnology focuses on formulating therapeutic agents in biocompatible nanocomposites such as

The biotechnology industry has recently been demanding nanoparticulate products (20-200 nm) such as viruses, plas-mids, virus-like particles and drug delivery assemblies. Fluid-ized bed/expanded bed adsorption (EBA) is a technique that can be employed for nanoparticulate purification providing practical advantages such as the potential for direct process integration as has been seen with protein p

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) represent an important group of nanomaterials with attractive geometrical, electrical and chemical properties and are synthesized using a variety of techniques. CNTs have been extensively studied in our previous works and in this study were fabricated by arc discharge full automatic set up in liquid which does not require vacuum equipment, heat exchange system, active or in

OBJECTIVE: To investigate gastrointestinal infection episodes (GIEs) in relation to the appearance of islet autoantibodies in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) cohort.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: GIEs on risk of autoantibodies against either insulin (IAA) or GAD (GADA) as the first-appearing autoantibody were assessed in a 10-year follow-up of 7,867 children. Stool vi

Background: Many pathological processes can disrupt the integrity of the glomerular capillary wall and cause a massive leakage of protein, resulting in nephrotic syndrome (NS). Clinical parameters such as age, sex, renal function, presence of diabetes, and how NS is defined influence the spectrum of underlying diseases. In this study, we examine how these parameters interact.Methods: Age, sex, hem