In this paper we study the Lilang Super Group in the Spiti area, Indian Himalaya to understand environmental changes in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction. We focus on the Mikin and Kaga Formations, which span the Induan to Ladinian stages of the Lower and Middle Triassic. These strata formed on the southern mid-palaeolatitude margin of East Gondwana and are interpreted as condensed,

Background: The introduction of a paper-based Community Case Management (CCM) in Malawi has contributed to a reduction of child morbidity and mortality rates. In addition, the introduction of electronic Community Case Management (eCCM) (smartphones with built in CCM apps) may help to reduce the under-five mortality rates even further. Purpose: It is not uncommon for Apps with a similar area of int

Conodont ecology of the Early Triassic Smithian–Spathian transition is still poorly understood. Here we use oxygen isotope ratios of monogeneric conodonts from Omani samples to reveal the differences of oxygen isotopic composition between different taxa. Oxygen isotope analyses from Oman reveal that Neogondolella inhabited a deeper part of the water column relative to neospathodids and Icriospatho

Alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M) is an antioxidant previously shown to be elevated in maternal blood during pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and suggested to be important in the endogenous defense against oxidative stress. A knockout mouse model of A1M (A1Mko) was used in the present study to assess the importance of A1M during pregnancy in relation to the kidney, heart and placenta function. Sy

Background: The purpose of this study was to prospectively recruit patients treated with limb malformation and to explore the prevalence and the clinical and epidemiological features of Heart-Hand Syndrome (HHS) in China. Methods: The consecutive patients treated for congenital upper limb malformation in Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital from October 1st, 2016 to October 1st, 2019 were prospectively re

Abstract: Spasticity interfering with gross motor development in cerebral palsy (CP) can be reduced with selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR). Although reported, it is unknown if SDR surgery causes later spine problems. Using CP-registry data from a geographically defined population, the objectives were to compare frequency and time to scoliosis, and spinal pain up to adult age after SDR-surgery or no

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased dramatically in Middle Eastern populations that represent the largest non-European immigrant group in Sweden today. As proneurotensin predicts T2D, the aim of this study was to investigate differences in proneurotensin levels across populations of Middle Eastern and Caucasian origin and to study its associations with indices of glucose regulati

Robustness is a prominent feature of most biological systems. Most previous related studies have been focused on homogeneous molecular networks. Here we propose a comprehensive framework for understanding how the interactions between genes, proteins and metabolites contribute to the determinants of robustness in a heterogeneous biological network. We integrate heterogeneous sources of data to cons

Background: Sarcopenia, resulting from loss of muscle mass and function, is highly prevalent in the ageing societies and is associated with risk of falls, frailty, loss of independence, and mortality. It is important to identify environmental risk factors, so that evidence-based interventions to prevent sarcopenia can be implemented at the population level. This study aimed to examine the potentia

Background: The incidence and mortality of breast cancer in women is increasing worldwide. Breast cancer contains a subpopulation of cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). The CSCs are believed to be responsible for chemotherapeutic resistance and are also involved in tumor initiation, progression, evolution, and metastasis to distant sites. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-CSC po

Radionuclide molecular imaging of cancer-specific targets is a promising method to identify patients for targeted antibody therapy. Radiolabeled full-length antibodies however suffer from slow clearance, resulting in high background radiation. To overcome this problem, a pretargeting system based on complementary peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes has been investigated. The pretargeting relies on s

Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy, affecting both maternal and fetal health. In genome-wide association meta-analysis of European and Central Asian mothers, we identify sequence variants that associate with preeclampsia in the maternal genome at ZNF831/20q13 and FTO/16q12. These are previously established variants for blood pressure (BP) and the FTO variant has also been associat

The problem of equivalence in terms of multistability properties between gene regulatory network models of different dimensionality has been recently addressed by Schittler et al.(2013). The authors in that work proposed construction rules for a high-dimensional dynamical system, when given a low-dimensional dynamical system and the high-dimensional network structure. However, the proof therein wa

When assessing patients presenting with weakness to the emergency department, the initial focus is on determining whether patients are suffering from conditions where prompt treatment decreases morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is based on an understanding of neuroanatomy and on pattern recognition. A structured history, combined with selected physical examinations and bedside tests, are used to

We propose a variational autoencoder to perform improved pre-processing forclustering and anomaly detection on data with a given label. Anomalies howeverare not known or labeled. We call our method conditioned variationalautonencoder since it separates the latent space by conditioning on informationwithin the data. The method fits one prior distribution to each class in thedataset, effectively exp

Critical infrastructure systems must be both robust and resilient in order to ensure the functioning of society. To improve the performance of such systems, we often use risk and vulnerability analysis to nd and address system weaknesses. A critical component of such analyses is the ability to accurately determine the negative consequences of various types of failures in the system. Numerous mathe

With high energy heavy ion collisions one tries to create a new forms of matter that is similar to the one present at the birth of our Universe. Recent development on flow pattern, initial energy-density and freeze-out temperature shows that most likely this new form of matter is in a deconfined state, has colored degrees of freedom and is more fluid-like than gas-like. In present paper we calcula

In this paper we study the Fokker-Planck operator with potential V (x), and analyze some kind of conditions imposed on the potential to ensure the validity of global hypoelliptic estimates (see Theorem 1.1). As a consequence, we obtain the compactness of resolvent of the Fokker-Planck operator if either the Witten Laplacian on 0-forms has a compact resolvent or some additional assumption on the be