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In convolutional coding, code sequences have infinite length; thus, a maximum-likelihood decoder implies an infinite delay. Due to memory and delay constraints in practical coding schemes, convolutional codes often are either terminated or decoded by a window decoder. When a window decoder is used, the convolutional code sequence is not terminated; instead, the window decoder estimates information
Objective: An association between small for gestational age (SGA) and risk for celiac disease (CD) in childhood has previously been reported. However, this association may reflect residual confounding by genetic or environmental factors. For example, presence of subclinical CD in the mother might be a common cause of both SGA and CD in the offspring. We investigate whether SGA is causally associat
Kulturartikel om Frank Millers tecknade serieromaner och film Sin City.
Hairy cell leukemia is often reported as a disease of young males. The male predominance is strong, 4:1, but the median age in the Swedish national compulsory cancer registry is similar to that of follicular lymphoma, i.e. 62 years. The overall 6-year survival in the Swedish registry of patients diagnosed since 2000 is 80%, 93% of patients <60 years, and 68% of those >60 years. The yearly risk of
The aim of the overview is to give a perspective of global biobank development is given in a view of positioning biobanking as a key resource for healthcare to identify new potential markers that can be used in patient diagnosis and complement the targeted personalized drug treatment. The fast progression of biobanks around the world is becoming an important resource for society where the patient
Binding of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) to its receptors leads to the activation of members of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases. We show here that Fyn, a member of the Src family, is phosphorylated on Tyr28 in the unique N-terminal part of the molecule after interaction with the intracellular domain of the PDGF beta-receptor. Activated Fyn furthermore undergoes autophosphorylati
OBJECTIVE: Chronic diabetic foot ulcers are a source of major concern for both patients and health care systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the management of chronic diabetic foot ulcers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Diabetics with Chronic Foot Ulcers (HODFU) study was a randomized, single-center, double-
This paper examines tongue movements between the two vowels in sequences of vowel-labial consonant-vowel, addressing the question whether the movement is a straight line or a curved path. Native speakers of Japanese and Italian served as subjects. The linguistic material consisted of words where the bilabial consonant was either long or short. The inclusion of words with different consonant length
AIM: Injections administered by patients are one of the mainstays of diabetes management. Proper injection technique is vital to avoiding intramuscular injections, ensuring appropriate delivery to the subcutaneous tissues and avoiding common complications such as lipohypertrophy. Yet few formal guidelines have been published summarizing all that is known about best practice. We propose new injecti
Popular Abstract in Swedish Delfiner och andra tandvalar har förmågan att ekolokalisera. Trots att dessa djur länge fascinerat människor genom historien var det först på 1950-talet som man lyckades bevisa att de faktiskt har denna förmåga. Det finns fortfarande många fundamentala frågor angående deras ekolokalisering som ännu inte besvarats, till stor del för att det har krävt alltför avancerad teToothed whales (Odontocetes) use echolocation to navigate and find food in dark or murky waters. A wide range of innovative studies has since the 1960:s been used to characterize their echolocation beam and map out their echolocation skills. In order to render high quality recordings of the sounds emitted by these animals, advanced measurement systems are required. There are still interesting env
Ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (V/Q SPECT) is the scintigraphic technique of choice for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and many other disorders that affect lung function. Data from recent ventilation studies show that the theoretic advantages of Technegas over radiolabeled liquid aerosols are not restricted to the presence of obstructive lung disease. Radiola
A Review of: Vega, Robert D. and Ruth S. Connell. “Librarians’ Attitudes Toward Conferences: A Study.” College & Research Libraries 68.6 (2007): 503-15. Objectives – To determine why professional librarians attend or do not attend conferences and to consider their attitudes toward the various conference offerings and whether conference attendance is important to their careers. Design – An e
