Filtyp
Objectives: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is difficult to diagnose using clinical criteria and no biomarkers have yet been proved to be sufficiently accurate. The use of the neutrophil-derived Heparin-binding protein (HBP) as a biomarker for pneumonia was investigated in this exploratory case–control study in two intensive care units at a tertiary referral hospital. Methods: Patients with
Addressing how ecosystem services (ES) are distributed among groups of people is critical for making conservation and environmental policy-making more equitable. Here, we evaluate the distribution and equity of changes in ES benefits across demographic and socioeconomic groups in the United States (US) between 2020 and 2100. Specifically, we use land cover and population projections to model poten
In acute ischemic stroke, the only FDA-approved drug; recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is limited by restricted time-window due to an enhanced risk of hemorrhagic transformation which is thought to be caused by metalloproteinase (MMP). In experimental stroke inhibitors of the mitogen–activated protein kinase kinase extracellular signal–regulated kinase kinase (MEK) 1/2 pathways red
The NADPH oxidase enzymes Nox2 and 4, are important generators of Reactive oxygen species (ROS). These enzymes are abundantly expressed in cardiomyocytes and have been implicated in ischemia–reperfusion injury. Previous attempts with full inhibition of their activity using genetically modified animals have shown variable results, suggesting that a selective and graded inhibition could be a more re
Supercritical heat transfer deterioration can be found in active regenerative cooling processes. Thermal pyrolysis occurs once the temperature of the hydrocarbon fuel exceeds a certain value. To investigate the influence of thermal pyrolysis on the heat transfer behavior and flow-upward characteristics in a rectangular channel, the wall temperature distribution, thermal acceleration, mass fraction
The utilization of syngas in the internal combustion engine is one way to reach low carbon emission engine. The n-heptane/syngas pilot ignition spray combustion is simulated here by high fidelity model with different syngas compositions. It is found that the ambient syngas suppresses the ignition by diluting the ambient oxidizer (non-chemical effect) and by affecting the chemical reactions (chemic
Over the years, nanofluids have proved to be beneficial in various heat transfer applications, particularly in solar energy collectors. Hybrid nanofluids have also shown promise in such applications due to their enhanced thermal conductivity relative to mono-nanofluids and to pure fluids. The aim of this review paper is to scrutinize recent research in this topic in order to identify the key advan
Sweden has a population-based mammography screening programme for women aged 40–74. The objective of this study was to examine the association between mammography screening attendance and sociodemographic factors in 15 of Sweden's 21 health care regions. Register-based information was collected on all mammography screening invitations and attendance during 2017 and 2018, and linked to individual-l
In 2018, up to 4 million m3 Norway spruce was killed by the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus in Sweden. The event was unique for Sweden, in terms of both affected volume and the fact that it was triggered by severe drought stress, not by ample availability of relatively defenseless storm-felled trees. The outbreak continued in 2019 and 2020, each year with twice as many trees killed as in 2018.
The conterminous marine system of the Bering Sea serves as an important connection between the Pacific and the Arctic. Surface water temperatures of the Northern Pacific have been rising over the past decades with associated changes in extremes: marine heatwaves (MHWs). This study aims to explore the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and occurrence mechanisms of MHWs in the Bering Sea. Our
Renovation at district scale is a key strategy to reduce CO2 emissions by optimising the implementation of renewable energy sources and taking advantage of economy of scale. This paper focuses on analysing good practice examples on energy renovations at district scale. The paper adapts a qualitative research methodology in four phases, including the multi-perspective analysis of nine exemplary ren
The interpretation of reflexive pronouns has been the topic of extensive linguistic research. This paper illustrates how different types of reflexive pronouns can be inter-preted and generated within the framework of Referent Grammar, a grammar which can be run directly on the computer. The rules illustrated are to be used in the machine translation project SWETRA which translates between English,
Coordinated structures are very frequent in texts, but generally grammatical theories have little to say on the subject. This paper describes the different types of coordination and shows how they can be analyzed - and understood - using Prolog. The work has been carried out within the automatic translation project SWETRA (Sigurd & Gawroriska-Wemgren 1988).
