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The retinoblastoma gene product (pRb) is the main substrate for cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) during the G1/S transition. Aberrations in cell cycle regulatory proteins, which have been observed in many malignancies, can theoretically cause increased phosphorylation of pRb due to unbalanced CDK activities. The expression and phosphorylation of pRb and potential associations to cell cycle aberrati

An aircraft-based, multi-channel aerosol sampler for studies of the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere from the CARIBIC ( Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) platform was designed and calibrated. The sampler operates with an impaction technique at a flow rate of 10.4 lpm and consists of sixteen sampling channels. Samples are collec

Objective: To evaluate the eYcacy of the essential omega-6 fatty acid Gammalinolenic acid (GLA) on fatigue associated with primary Sjo¨ gren’s syndrome. Methods: Ninety patients with primary Sjo¨ gren’s syndrome (with or without signs of autoimmunity) entered a 6-month double blind placebo-controlled randomised trial with high dose GLA (extracted from Evening Primrose Oil ) or corn oil. The primar

More than 11 million children under 15 years in sub-Saharan Africa have lost at least one parent to AIDS. In Uganda, about 2 million children are orphans, with one or both parents dead. The objective of this study was to investigate the psychosocial consequences of AIDS orphanhood in a rural district in Uganda and to identify potential areas for future interventions. The study was conducted in a r

The cellular location of cellCAM 105 was studied by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of primary rat hepatocytes grown in monolayer culture. Staining corresponding to cellCAM 105 was seen both in cell-cell contact areas and on the upper surfaces of the cells. In the cell-cell contact areas the antigen was not accessible to the antibodies unless the cells were either permeabilized with deterge

Neurotransmitters and hormones such as somatostatin, galanin, and adrenalin reduce insulin secretion. Their inhibitory action involves direct interference with the exocytotic machinery. We have examined the molecular processes underlying this effect using high resolution measurements of cell capacitance. Suppression of exocytosis was maximal at concentrations that did not cause complete inhibition

We have investigated the lipid chemistry during cold acclimation in the freeze tolerant earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra. The dominant phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) of D. octaedra were 20:4, 20:5 and 20:1 (50% of total PLFA) followed by 18:0, 18:1 and 18:2 omega 6,9 (25% of total PLFA). The ability to tolerate freezing in this species was acquired after acclimation at low temperature for 2-4 weeks

Analysing cylindromatosis and the associated defects in the CYLD gene is providing novel insights into the molecular principles of epithelial growth control and carcinogenesis in, and beyond, the skin. In this review, we summarize the histopathology and histogenesis of cylindromas, and the available genetic information on patients with these skin appendage tumors. Focusing on recent data concernin

Purpose: To assess the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals with moderate to severe multiple sclerosis (MS). Method: A total of 12 men and 32 women with MS ( Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS, 6.0-8.5) were studied. The performance of personal ADL (P-ADL) and instrumental ADL (I-ADL) was assessed with the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the Assessment of Mo

In the present study, using retinal ischemia as a model, we examined if different periods of ischemia and recirculation influenced the generation of reactive oxygen species, i.e. in hydrogen peroxide generation and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction. Ischemia was induced for 30 and 90 min by ligation of the optic nerve with the vessels and recirculation was established by removing the ligature.

The Ulvo Gabbro Complex (UGC) belongs to the 1.27-1.25 Ga Central Scandinavian Dolerite Group (CSDG), which manifests a major event of intra-cratonic mafic magmatism possibly related to break-up between Laurentia and Baltica. Lopolithic, layered intrusions of the UGC outcrop in east central Sweden and west central Finland. Fresh baddeleyite grains in a pegmatoidal gabbro were dated by the TIMS U-P

We demonstrate high-fidelity guidance of axons using rows of nanowires. The axons are prevented from crossing the rows, making it possible to guide and sort a large number of axons as opposed to when chemical patterns are used. Focal adhesion forms at the nanowires establishing a possible site of information transfer between the surface and the cells. Rows of gallium phosphide (GaP) nanowires were

We report on the shear-induced transition from an oriented lamellar phase (L, phase) to multilamellar vesicles (MLV) in two nonionic surfactant systems, namely, a 40 wt % sample of triethylene glycol monodecyl ether (C10E3) and a 40 wt % sample of tetraethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E4) in D2O. This transition was studied by time-resolved small-angle neutron and light scattering under shear

High-pressure homogenization of modified starches is a type of treatment used within the food and pharmaceutical industry for the production of emulsions. Such intense mechanical treatment may, however, influence the size and size distribution of the starch polymer, which may affect the properties of the emulsions. In this work, asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFIFFF) connected on-lin

Ezetimibe inhibits cholesterol absorption in the intestine. Sphingomyelin has strong interactions with cholesterol. We investigated the effects of ezetimibe on Sphingomyelinase (SMase) expression in intestine and liver. After feeding rats with ezetimibe (5 mg/kg per day) for 14 days, acid SMase activities in the liver and in the proximal part of small intestine were reduced by 34 and 25%, respecti