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In classical eyeblink conditioning a subject learns to blink to a previously neutral stimulus. This conditional response is timed to occur just before an air puff to the eye. The learning is known to depend on the cerebellar cortex where Purkinje cells respond with adaptively timed pauses in their spontaneous firing. The pauses in the inhibitory Purkinje cells cause disinhibition of the cerebellar
We find sharp conditions on the growth of a rooted regular metric tree Such that the Neumann Laplacian on the tree satisfies a Hardy inequality. In particular, we consider homogeneous metric trees. Moreover, we show that a non-trivial Aharonov-Bohm magnetic field leads to a Hardy inequality on a loop graph.
In the current study the focus is on the flow and particle interaction effects in the chaotic regime. The influence on the forces (i.e drag and lift), wake structures and flow patterns from different inflow boundary conditions and varying separation distances of a particle pair in tandem is discussed at a particle Reynolds number of 600.
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) directed against myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (Pr3) are considered pathogenic in ANCA-associated necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN) and vasculitis. Modulation of ANCA IgG glycosylation may potentially reduce its pathogenicity by abolishing Fc receptor mediated activation of leukocytes and complement Here, we investigated
PURPOSE. To estimate the rate of visual field progression in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) subjects, by using data from population-based cross-sectional studies. METHODS. Subjects with OAG were identified in nine surveys of randomly sampled populations using standard criteria for glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Subjects were of European, African, Chinese, and Hispanic ethnicity. The measure of OAG dama
In recent decades, the emergence and development of pan-European civil society organisations have been prominent, including those representing interests of marginalised groups and raising related social issues. Typically composed of national and European level umbrella organisations, some of these organisations have grown as important interlocutors between EU institutions and civil society, and de
Objective. To evaluate the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency (ID) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Scandinavian countries. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study including 429 IBD patients from six centers in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Patients were screened for anemia and ID. Each center included similar to 5% of their IBD cohort. Patients were consecutiv
We have estimated the hydration free energy for 20 neutral drug-like molecules, as well as for three series of 6-11 inhibitors to avidin, factor Xa, and galectin-3 with four different continuum solvent approaches (the polarised continuum method the Langevin dipole method, the finite-difference solution of the Poisson equation, and the generalised Born method), and several variants of each, giving
Theoretical ecologists have long sought to understand how the persistence of populations depends on the interactions between exogenous (biotic and abiotic) and endogenous (e.g., demographic and genetic) drivers of population dynamics. Recent work focuses on the autocorrelation structure of environmental perturbations and its effects on the persistence of populations. Accurate estimation of extinct
A key aspect of leadership is the followers’ constructions of its value and relevance. Based on two empirical, qualitative case studies, this paper highlights the importance of the ‘demand’ for leadership when leader–follower relationships are established. We further discuss how followers influence, inhibit and initiate managerial leadership (i.e. leadership acts from their formal superior targeti
Background: This contribution deals with chemical processes at the biological membranes of endothelial cells in blood vessels. A basic observation is that the intensity of blood flow navigates the vascular width through a negative feedback circle. When the blood flow increases, the vessels become wider; when it decreases the vascular smooth muscle cells contract. The anionic polyelectrolyte hepara
Review of Ferm, Olle & Åkestam, Mia (eds) "Härnevi kyrka och socken : perspektiv på ett uppländskt lokalsamhälle under medeltiden" (2012)
Steven Spielberg's film Saving Private Ryan is at the centre of this text, with a particular focus on how it displays the past in ways that place the audience in the middle of the historical action. By looking at various technical breakthroughs predating this film, it is argued that what we here see is the beginning of a new kind of 360-degree historiography that nowadays dominates historical epic
