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Oncology care in Europe is facing challenging circumstances. The report aims to derive evidence-based policy recommendations on how to optimize access to oncology care and how to achieve a high-quality standard that is both achievable and sustainable. The report looks at the full cancer patient pathway encompassing primary prevention, screening, diagnostics and treatment. Special emphasis is plac
Experiences gained so far using tomosynthesis for breast cancer screening will be reported. A short summary of results from preparatory studies will also be presented. The sensitivity and specificity of breast tomosynthesis (BT) will be compared with conventional two-dimensional digital mammography (DM) for breast cancer screening in a population-based study. Over 2000 women have been examined so
Background: Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only causative treatment of IgE-mediated allergic disorders. The most common administration route is subcutaneous, which may necessitate more than 50 allergen injections during 3 to 5 years. Recent evidence suggests that direct intralymphatic injections could yield faster beneficial results with considerably lower allergen doses and markedly reduc
Context: Hypothalamic damage caused by craniopharyngioma (CP) is associated with poor functional outcome. Objective: To assess cognitive function and quality of life in childhood-onset CP on hormonal replacement, including GH treatment. Design: A cross-sectional study with a median follow-up time of 20 years (1-40). Setting: Patients were recruited from the South Medical Region of Sweden. Particip
Flat premixed burner-stabilized H-2 + O-2 + N-2 flames, neat or doped with 300-1000 ppm of NO or NH3, were studied experimentally using molecular-beam mass-spectrometry and simulated numerically. Spatial profiles of temperature and concentrations of stable species, H-2, O-2, H2O, NO, NH3, and of H and OH radicals obtained at atmospheric pressure in lean (phi = 0.47), near-stoichiometric (phi = 1.1
This paper experimentally investigates free-riding behavior on communication cost in a coordination game and finds strong indications of such free-riding. Firstly,the subjects wait for others to send a message when communication is costly, which does not happen when communication is costless. Secondly, the proportion of games where no communication or one-way communication takes place is much high
Aim: This is the first study to evaluate compliance with the 2003 Swedish national guidelines for prophylactic treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). We estimated the relative risk (RR) of children with CHD being hospitalised with a RSV infection, studied the extent to which RSV prophylactic treatment with palivizumab corresponded to the gui
The Nordic medical birth registers have long been used for valuable clinical research. Their collection of data for more than four decades offers unusual possibilities for research across generations. At the same time, serum and blotting paper blood samples have been stored from most neonates. Two large cohorts (approximately 100000 births) in Denmark and Norway have been described by questionnair
High daily intake of fruit and vegetables promotes population health and is inversely associated with morbidity and mortality. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics are among main predictors of fruit and vegetables consumption. The current study aimed to evaluate these associations using province-level data in Iran during the years 2007-2009.
Semiotic development involves the development of at least two different kinds of meaning: intersubjective and representational. By attending to these two kinds of meaning we are able to predict one of the major transitions in early childhood: the transition to reference. From a dynamic systems perspective we track essential developments which, when all have reached critical values, prompt the tran
This Licentiate thesis aims to gain understanding related to the fluid behavior in porous media existent in fuel cells (FCs) at microscale. In order to achieve this; the widely used methodology for solving problems in porous media has been applied, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). LBM presents several advantages to solve problems where the microstructural architecture is complex. The introduc
Background: Although cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) contribute to the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD), they may not be specific. Relatively little is known about how they correlate with each other. Purpose: To identify the validity of the radiological linear measurements of brain atrophy in AD diagnosis by examining the correlation with CSF biomarke
Background. The definition of a "difficult" cannulation varies considerably in reports of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Aims. To define a difficult cannulation, which translates into higher risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Patients and methods. Prospective consecutive recording of 907 cannulations in Scandinavian centers done by experienced endoscopists. Inclusion: indicati
Land degradation is always With Lis but its causes, extent and severity are contested. We define land degradation as a long-term decline in ecosystem function and productivity, Which may be assessed using lone-term, remotely sensed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data. Deviation from the norm may serve as a proxy assessment of land degradation and improvement - if other factors that
The electronic structure of genomic DNA has been comprehensively characterized by synchrotron-based X-ray absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Both unoccupied and occupied states close to the Fermi level have been unveiled and attributed to particular sites within the DNA structure. A semiconductor-like electronic structure with a band gap of approximately 2.6 eV has been found at whic
Popular Abstract in Swedish Små, trådlösa och portabla apparater utgör idag en stor del av vår uppkopplade värld. Under det senaste decenniet har dock flera teknologiska framsteg lett mot en utveckling där allt från maskiner till kläder kommunicerar med varandra. Detta brukar kallas för "sakernas internet" och uppskattas involvera 50 miljarder enheter år 2020. Genom att förse dessa enheter med småThe modern small devices of today require cheap low power radio frequency (RF) transceivers that can provide reliable connectivity at all times. In an RF transceiver, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is one of the most important parts and it is also one of the main power consumers. There are several architectures for implementing an ADC, but in the last decade, continuous-time Delta-Sigma mod
This paper investigates the relationship between history and national identity, specifically how “golden ages” in a nation’s past are used for nationalist ends. Using discourse analysis, it examines how two types of popular historical venues, museums and textbooks, present Japan’s Heian period (794-1185) and explores what this reveals about Japanese national identity formation. The Heian era has a
Objective IBS shows genetic predisposition, but adequately powered gene-hunting efforts have been scarce so far. We sought to identify true IBS genetic risk factors by means of genome-wide association (GWA) and independent replication studies. Design We conducted a GWA study (GWAS) of IBS in a general population sample of 11 326 Swedish twins. IBS cases (N=534) and asymptomatic controls (N=4932) w
