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The principle of extended producer responsibility (EPR) has been a policy paradigm behind the development of waste policies in the European Union including the End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV) Directive (2000/53/EC). This study compares and explains the environmental effectiveness of the ELV programmes in the United Kingdom and in Sweden between 1990 and 2005, using a framework that integrates the Dutch

We have performed systematic studies of the lattice dynamics in LFeAsO (L = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm) in the parent and in the similar to 10% F-doped compounds as a function of pressure and temperature. We have found that the modifications in the partial Fe density of phonon states are mainly governed by the Fe-As bond length. The change of this bond length explains the change of the Fe density of phono

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a widespread endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) used as the base compound in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics. It alters pancreatic beta-cell function and can be considered a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in rodents. Here we used ER beta(-/-) mice to study whether ER beta is involved in the rapid regulation of K-ATP channel activity, calcium signals and insulin rel

Historik över den svenska studentmössans införande och utveckling (med viss nordisk utblick).

A measurement of the integrated luminosity at the ep collider HERA is presented, exploiting the elastic QED Compton process ep -> e gamma p. The electron and the photon are detected in the backward calorimeter of the H1 experiment. The integrated luminosity of the data recorded in 2003 to 2007 is determined with a precision of 2.3%. The measurement is found to be compatible with the corresponding

Popular Abstract in Swedish År 2005 opererades en 65-årig man i Malmö för ett bråck på stora kroppspulsådern. Det var en lång och komplicerad operation med stor blodförlust. Massiv blodöverföring och stora mängder vätska samt blodtryckshöjande mediciner måste tillföras under och efter operationen. Under det efterföljande dygnet steg trycket i bukhålan till en nivå då blodcirkulationen till njurarnIntroduction: Several life-threatening intra-abdominal conditions may be treated with open abdomen (OA) therapy. Potential complications to OA treatment include damage to the exposed bowel resulting in enteric fistulas, and inability to close the abdomen afterwards resulting in large ventral hernias. Vacuum-assisted wound closure and mesh-mediated fascial traction (VAWCM) is a novel technique for

Data are often collected for a single species within an ecological community, so quantitative tools for drawing inferences about the unobserved portions of the community from single-species data are valuable. In this paper, we present and examine a method for estimating community dimension (the number of strongly interacting species or groups) from time series data on a single species. The dynamic

Conventional fossil diesel fuel and renewable diesel fuel based on hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO) were compared regarding the oxidation characteristics of the generated soot particulate. The comparison was performed by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation tandem differential mobility analyser in which monodisperse soot aerosol was first selected and then heated in a high-temperature furnace.

Acute mountain sickness is common among not acclimatized persons ascending to high altitude; the underlying mechanism is unknown, but may be related to cerebral edema. Nine healthy male students were studied before and after 6-h exposure to isobaric hypoxia. Subjects inhaled room air enriched with N(2) to obtain arterial O(2) saturation values of 75 to 80%. Acute mountain sickness was assessed wit

Caloplaca ulcerosa, known as an epiphytic species growing on the bark of broad-leaved trees, is newly recorded from stems of maritime shrubs and from shaded limestone rock. In Europe, ninety-five percent of 90 considered records are within 50 km from a sea coast, but the species does not show any other geographical tendencies. It is rather regularly distributed throughout Europe, North Africa and

There is currently a strongly growing interest in obtaining optimal control solutions for vehicle maneuvers, both in order to understand optimal vehicle behavior and to devise improved safety systems, either by direct deployment of the solutions or by including mimicked driving techniques of professional drivers. However, it is nontrivial to find the right mix of models, formulations, and optimiza

We study the influence of the generation conditions on the group delay of attosecond pulses in high-order harmonic generation in gases. The group delay relative to the fundamental field is found to decrease with increasing gas pressure in the generation cell, reflecting a temporal walk-off due to the dispersive properties of the nonlinear medium. This effect is well reproduced using an on-axis pha

In some European countries, landscape analysis has long been used in support of large-scale planning or major projects such as new trunk roads and mainline rail routes, in line with both the UN's Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment and the European Landscape Convention. Some countries, however, lack a regulatory framework for what should be analysed, how a landscape analysis should be co

Endothelial cells are among the main physiological targets of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). In endothelial cells TNF-alpha elicits a broad spectrum of biological effects including differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT), an endogenous inhibitor of serine proteases plays a vital role in protecting host tissue from proteolytic

Background: The aim in the thesis is to study diagnostic issues, clinical features, therapy, and prognosis in selected demyelinative disorders of the nervous system: optic neuritis (ON), primary progressive MS (PPMS), and tumefactive MS (a very rare acute demyelinating disorder). Methods: From an initial cohort of 110 patients with ON collected 19 to 31 years ago, a new follow-up survey was cond

The size distribution of asteroids and Kuiper belt objects in the solar system is difficult to reconcile with a bottom-up formation scenario due to the observed scarcity of objects smaller than similar to 100 km in size. Instead, planetesimals appear to form top-down, with large 100 1000 km bodies forming from the rapid gravitational collapse of dense clumps of small solid particles. In this paper

This paper examines the challenges that climate change raises for animal agriculture and discusses the contributions that may come from a virtue ethics based approach. Two scenarios of the future role of animals in farming are set forth and discussed in terms of their ethical implications. The paper argues that when trying to tackle both climate and animal welfare issues in farming, proposals that