Optimization of the method for analysing neonicotinoids and their metabolites in hoverflies using supercritical fluid extraction and liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadruple mass spectrometer
The extensive use of neonicotinoids has raised concerns about their impact on pollinators like hoverflies, which are vital for pollination and ecosystem health. This study develops and validates a green extraction method using Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE), coupled with HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) - MS/MS (Mass Spectrometry) for selective analysis. SFE was employed as a m