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This study investigates how the spread of boarding passengers between the doors of a train affects the probability of dwell time delays for commuter trains. We make use of automatic passenger count data, collected on a door-by-door level, from commuter trains in the Southern region of Scania in Sweden. The aim of our study is to understand the context in which potential measures to spread out boar

Traffic models can be used to study evacuation scenarios during wildland-urban interface fires and identify the ability of a community to reach a safe place. In those scenarios, wildfire smoke can reduce visibility conditions on the road. This can have serious implications on the evacuation effectiveness since drivers would reduce their speed in relation to the optical density on the road. To date

This study focuses on the severity gradation of non-collision events. Earlier theoretical work has suggested that a proper severity measure for an event should reflect the risk of personal injury, which is often split into two components, including the risk of a collision and the potential consequences had the collision taken place. While a great number of severity measures have been suggested, mo

False positive recall is a major issue in breast cancer screening and the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) might affect which women who are unnecessarily recalled. We have investigated how an AI system works on false positive recalls at screening and compared with radiologist findings. Two-view digital mammography (DM) examinations from 656 recalled women (136 with screening detected c

Wall-type pilot flameholder has been used in aero-engines to effectively create a stable ignition source and achieve an excellent ignition performance in high-velocity flows. The ignition delay, flame propagation, and flame boundary are crucial characteristics to evaluate the performance of pilot flameholders. Previous work displayed the significantly changed ignition performance and flow features

As academic librarians at a medical faculty, we promote open science practices by educating researchers about the implications of open license conditions. Researchers are sometimes faced with a choice of path in the process of publishing open access, when the publisher offers a choice of different Creative Commons licenses. They are often not aware of what the terms of the licenses mean in practic

Pheromones have become an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional insecticides for pest control. Most current pheromone-based pest control products target lepidopteran pests of high-value crops, as today’s manufacturing processes cannot yet produce pheromones at low enough costs to enable their use for lower-value crops, especially commodity crops. Camelina sativa seeds genetically mo

The rise of animals represents a major but enigmatic event in the evolutionary history of life. In recent years, numerous studies have aimed at understanding the genetic basis of this transition. However, genome comparisons of diverse animal and protist lineages suggest that the appearance of gene families that were previously considered animal specific indeed preceded animals. Animals’ unicellula

Biologically produced wax esters can fulfil different industrial purposes. These functionalities almost drove the sperm whale to extinction from hunting. After the ban on hunting, there is a niche in the global market for biolubricants with properties similar to spermaceti. Wax esters can also serve as a mechanism for producing insect sex pheromone fatty alcohols. Pheromone-based mating disruption

Protandry is a widespread life-history phenomenon describing how males precede females at the site or state of reproduction. In migratory birds, protandry has an important influence on individual fitness, the migratory syndrome, and phenological response to climate change. Despite its significance, accurate analyses on the dynamics of protandry using data sets collected at the breeding site, are l

Understanding the complexities of sexual relationships is essential to understand the risky sexual behaviours among young people in Ugandan universities. Nine focus group discussions conducted with 31 males and 33 female students in 2014 utilising the grounded theory approach explored the role of sexual relationships in their lives. 'Relationships in campus are situationships' emerged as the core

Differentiation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) depends on serum response factor (SRF) and its co-activator myocardin (MYOCD). The role of MYOCD for the SMC program of gene transcription is well established. In contrast, the role of MYOCD in control of SMC-specific alternative exon usage, including exon splicing, has not been explored. In the current work we identified four splicing factors (MBNL1,

PURPOSE: To explore a fetal 3D cardiovascular cine acquisition using a radial image acquisition and compressed-sensing reconstruction and compare image quality and scan time with conventional multislice 2D imaging.METHODS: Volumetric fetal cardiac data were acquired in 26 volunteers using a radial 3D balanced SSFP pulse sequence. Cardiac gating was performed using a Doppler ultrasound device. Imag

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have now become one of the most remarkable materials in the field of molecular recognition. Although many efforts have been made to study the process and mechanism of molecular imprinting, it has not been possible to monitor the interactions between the template and the growing polymer chains under real-time experimental conditions. The behavior of the templat

Lunds universitet har på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket under 2021 utvärderat metodik för nationell pollinatörsövervakning. Metodiken bygger på rapporten ”Proposal for an EU pollinator monitoring scheme” som tagits fram av en expertgrupp inom EU (Potts m. fl. 2020) och ska kunna ge underlag för uppföljning av pollinatörer på nationell nivå med ett främsta fokus på landskapet utanför områden som omfat

An analytical method is developed for ultrasensitive detection of citrinin using double isothermal amplification and CRISPR-Cas12a. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified with antigen and thiol-terminated, single-strand DNA (ssDNA) are used as a probe. The antigen-modified AuNPs compete with citrinin to bind to magnetic beads coated with an anticitrinin antibody. After a simple magnetic separation, t

The preferred treatment of choice in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is usually transurethral resection followed by cystectomy, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy being a second option. As the treatment is associated with relevant side effects, a great effort is being made to improve the selection of patients, with molecular subtyping being one of the main strategies. Our aim was to develop an im

Detta är den åttonde årsrapporten från Svensk Dagfjärilsövervakning, ett nationellt miljö-övervakningsprogram som koordineras av Lunds universitet på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket sedan 2010. Svensk Dagfjärilsövervakning är ett samarbete mellan Sveriges Entomologiska Förening, Naturvårdsverket, Lunds universitet, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet och Länsstyrelserna. Verksamheten möjliggörs av frivillig