To support a more holistic approach to the contribution of packaging to efficiency and value creation in the product supply chain, a systematic evaluation method Packaging Scorecard - has been developed and tested in two case studies. The Packaging Scorecard is based on research of functional criteria of packaging and the theories of Balanced Scorecard, a general management approach to evalu

We analyze how firms hedge in the oil and gas industry. Our main finding is that CEO age determines hedging behavior. The probability of being a hedger as well as the use of linear hedging strategies decreases with CEO age. These results are consistent with an argument that financial distress, which sends a negative signal of managerial ability, is relatively more costly to younger CEOs. We also i

Syftet med denna framställning är att aktivera en diskussion kring öppna och dolda värden i gruppforskning. Med sådana värden avses här explicit eller implicit uttryckta önskvärda tillstånd i grupper. Det kan röra sig om t.ex. "effektivitet", "ideala samverkanssituationer", "demokrati" eller "arbetsgrupp enligt Bion". För att undersöka förekomsten av sådana genomgicks samtliga bidrag av till grupp

In many organizations, the Chief Information Officer is considered to preside over a separate function, providing a service to the business. Discussions about governance are confined to properties of this service, e.g. through a service level agreement. Members of the CIO’s staff are often seen as technical experts possessing esoteric skills desired but not understood by other staff. Many research

Cellular neural networks are widely used with real-time image processing's applications. Such systems can be efficiently realized using macro enriched field-programmable gate-arrays. This paper explores the benefits of packet switching and discusses its advantages over a current design based on circuit switching. The implementation is performed using Xilinx Virtex-II Pro P30 and handles around 500

This book presents and analyzes the wide variety of early and contemporary Christian theologies of atonement, both in the Eastern and Western traditions. Of particular importance to this study is the scholarship of Moshe Halbertal (on Jewish interpretations of sacrifice and atonement) and also Darrin W. Snyder Belousek (on the interplay between atonement, justice, and peace).

Archaeology and sacred geometry : Is it possible and desirable to separate between science and pseudo science, between archaeology and pseudo archaeology? And should archaeologists igonore, understand or criticise pseudo archaeology? My experiences from the study of four traditions within the field of “sacred topographies” show, that it is rather difficult or even impossible to separate archaeolog

In any research field the transformation of raw data into conclusions is a critical phase, necessitating a systematic approach. The basic question is: How can I as a (design) researcher corroborate my conclusions? This paper is based on a study of the analytical/interpretative portion of papers published in the Proceedings of the 2006 Design & Emotion Conference. We investigate how the authors

The paper argues that the final value of an object, i.e., its value for its own sake, need not be intrinsic. It need not supervene on the object’s internal properties. Extrinsic final value, which accrues to things (or persons) in virtue of their relational features, cannot be traced back to the intrinsic value of states that involve these things together with their relations. On the opposite, suc