Light-emitting electrochemical cells offer efficient light-emission but suffer from short operational lifetimes. The latter is demonstrated to stem from photoinduced chemical reactions involving the conjugated polymer in the light-emitting p-n junction region, as evidenced by, e.g., optical and Raman microscopy (see figure). It is possible to alleviate the extent of these side reactions, and accor

Knee joints of non-immunized rabbits were repeatedly injected with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and preformed BSA-anti-BSA immune complexes which had differing precipitation profiles and abilities to activate complement. Ten days after the last of six injections the antibody and lymphoproliferative responses to BSA were analysed and correlated to the degree of arthritis. Joint swelling, increased nu

Essay on the international stereotype of Sweden and how it is reproduced in Henning Mankell's Wallander novels and in the British tv-series starring Kenneth Branagh.

To investigate whether interstitial cells (ICs) are present in the adult mouse bladder, and what transmitters characterize adjacent nerve fibres, as ICs in human and guinea-pig bladder lie close to nerve fibres but transmitters present in these nerves have not yet been reported. Sections of the bladder wall from 12 adult male mice (six each, aged 3-4 or 18-24 months) were incubated in carboxygenat

Background: Previous studies indicate that there may be infant gender differences in cytokine expression associated with differences in neonatal morbidity. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that umbilical cord interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) correlates with infant gender and neonatal outcome in preterm infants. Study Design: IL-1ra was measured in cord blood taken from 58 preterm infa

Chinese hamster ovary cells were seeded in the absence or presence of the polyamine synthesis inhibitor 2-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). At 1-4 days after seeding, the cells were labelled for 15-120 min with the thymidine analogue bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and they were then fixed directly after the labelling period. In addition, cells were labelled for 30 min and they were then allowed to progr

The associations among educational level, occupational status, and atherosclerosis were investigated during 1992-1994 in a general population sample of 4,176 Swedish men and women. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid stenosis were determined by B-mode ultrasound. Socioeconomic differences in mean carotid IMT and odds ratios for carotid stenosis prevalence were estimated. In wom

One of the major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with arthritis in crosses between B10.RIII and RIIIS/J mice is the Cia5 on chromosome 3. Early in the congenic mapping process it was clear that the locus was complex, consisting of several subloci with small effects. Therefore, we developed two novel strategies to dissect a QTL: the partial advanced intercross (PAI) strategy, with which w

It has been shown that users of a digital system perceive a more ‘masculine-sounding’ female voice as more persuasive and intelligent than a corresponding but more ‘feminine-sounding’ female voice. Our study explores whether a parallel pattern of affectively colored evaluations can be elicited when femininity and masculinity are manipulated via visual cues instead of via voice. 80 participants enc

For the first time, Pulsed Field Gradient-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, a powerful noninvasive tool for studying the dynamics and structure of complex-gels, has been used to measure diffusion of probe molecules in aqueous solutions/gels of noncommercial purified pig gastric mucin (PGM), in a concentration range up to 5 wt%. Complementary data were obtained from rheology measurements. The combination

Shells of the common intertidal gastropod Littorina littorea both of recent and mid-Holocene origin were analysed along their growth spirals for seasonally induced variations in stable oxygen and carbon isotope compositions. The subfossil specimens are from the Stone Age kitchen midden in Ertebolle, northern Denmark, dated between 5970 +/- 95 and 5070 +/- 90 BP The recent specimens were collected

Today, sheet-metal-forming simulation is a powerful technique for predicting the formability of automotive parts. Compared with traditional methods such as the use of try-out tools, sheet-metal-forming simulation enables a significant increase in the number of tool designs that can be tested before hard tools are manufactured. Another advantage of sheet-metal-forming simulation is the possibility

This paper presents a new fast approach to improving stability in polynomial equation solving. Gröbner basis techniques for equation solving have been applied successfully to several geometric computer vision problems. However, in many cases these methods are plagued by numerical problems. An interesting approach to stabilising the computations is to study basis selection for the quotient space C[

Absorption microspectrophotometry has been shown to be of considerable help to probe crystalline proteins containing chromophores, metal centres, or coloured substrates/co-factors. Absorption spectra contribute to the proper interpretation of crystallographic structures, especially when transient intermediate states are studied. Here it is shown that fluorescence microspectrophotometry might also

The aim of the present study was to determine to what extent adult rats can produce new contracting bladder muscle and to see if such newly formed bladder tissue possesses characteristic mechanical properties or whether the ability to recover mechanically is so pronounced that the prehistory of the bladder is unimportant. Subtotal cystectomy was performed in adult female rats, leading to a pronoun

The development of tolerant microorganisms is needed for the efficient fermentation of inhibitory lignocellulose hydrolysates. In the current work, the fermentation performance of six selected strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in dilute-acid spruce hydrolysate was compared using two different modes of fermentation; either single pulse addition of hydrolysate to exponentially growing cells or con

The spectrum of six times ionized sulphur, S VII, has been investigated in the wavelength region 200-4000 Angstrom by means of the beam-foil and laser-produced plasma techniques. The analysis comprises 219 lines of which 105 are newly identified. The present work establishes 123 2s(2)2p(5)nl energy levels of which 66 are new. The level energies are determined with an internal consistency of better

Dedicated clinics have been established for the early diagnosis and treatment of women at risk for inherited breast cancer, but the effects of such interventions are currently unproven. This second report on prospectively diagnosed inherited breast cancer from the European collaborating centres supports the previous conclusions and adds information on genetic heterogeneity and the effect of oophor