Vid byggnation av vägar och järnvägar i Sverige idag används nästan uteslutande ändliga resurser som bergkross eller naturgrus som ballastmaterial. Det är av stort intresse att undersöka om till exempel återvunnet material och restprodukter från industrier skulle kunna användas i stället. För detta ändamål byggdes en testväg i november 2024 inne på en avfallsanläggning i Helsingborg. Vägen, som foDuring construction of roads and railways in Sweden today, mainly finite resources such as crushed rock or natural gravel, are being used as ballast material. It is of great interest to investigate whether, for instance, recycled materials and residual products from industries could be used instead. For this purpose, a test road was constructed in November of 2024 in a waste facility in Helsingbor

När två protoner, accelererade till nära ljusets hastighet, krockar i den 27 km långa partikelacceleratorn under den fransk-schweiziska gränsen vid CERN, världens centrum för partikelfysik, så bildas dussintals energetiska sub-atomära partiklar. Den vanligaste partikeln som bildas kallas för gluon, efter engelskans "glue" som betyder lim. Detta namn har den fått eftersom den fungerar somCalculating the color factor of matrix elements for gluon processes is difficult since the gauge group of QCD, SU(3), is non-Abelian. The most commonly used methods for treating color structure all scale as the square of a factorial with the number of gluons, making calculations with more than a few gluons too time-consuming to carry out on demand. This thesis will provide an alternative approach

Correlations between two quantum agents, Alice and Bob, are typically modeled by assigning each a separate Hilbert space and representing their joint system as a tensor product of these spaces. Alternatively, one can let Alice and Bob act on a single Hilbert space, and require that their measurement operators commute. Tsirelson's problem asks whether any such commuting correlation can be appro

Background: Long-term survival after lung transplantation is significantly shorter compared with other solid organ transplantations. Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), including bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), remains the major barrier to survival. CLAD is diagnosed according to ISHLT's guidelines: a 20% drop in FEV1 using spirometry for CLAD grade 1. Given the difficulties of con

A distinct feature of Muslim cities is demarcated separation between zones of public economic and private domestic activities. Such spatial distinction has been the organic extension of a social structure with limited presence of women in public zones. However, separation of spaces in the Muslim city and the way it is utilized, shaped and reproduced by men and women is not a simple case of dividin

As a component of myeloablative conditioning before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), Total Body Irradiation (TBI) is employed in radiotherapy centers all over the world. In recent and coming years, many centers are changing their TBI setup to a conformal isocentric technique, providing superior homogeneity and control of the target prescription dose, and more freedom for

This study provides a comprehensive sedimentological and geochemical analysis of the Late Quaternary Köttsjön sequence in central Sweden. Its aim is to identify the processes and transport mechanisms involved in till formation, and to investigate ice dynamics and sediment provenance. Ultimately, the research contributes to a better understanding of glacial dynamics and palaeoenvironmental evolutio

With the rapid advancement of electromobility sector, the power density and heat generation of electronic chips is significantly rising. Due to its higher load and lower thermal mass, electronics chips in BEV inverters, such as MOSFETs, are increasingly susceptible to rapid temperature rises. Through the utilization of latent heat absorption, Phase Change Material (PCM) offers a promising passive

Hylobius abietis is a common pest in the forestry industry, damaging countless of conifer seedlings each year. By solving the structure of the nociceptor, HaTRPA1, a repellent could be developed to replace environmentally dangerous pesticides. To solve the structure, a large amount needs to be purified. Previous problems plaguing previous studies include low protein yield and contamination from Co

The emergence of the modern urban water system in Iran, albeit facilitated access to clean water and accelerated discharge of waste- and stormwater, it left some negative imprints on country’s urban and natural environment. Among which larger stress on natural water cycles and pollution of water resources are of great importance. More importantly, such impacts are occurring when cities are going t

Background: A newly discovered renal syndrome, shrunken pore syndrome (SPS), has been shown to increase mortality regardless of renal function. SPS is defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of cystatin C ≤ 60% than eGFRcreatinine. We set out to study SPS in relation to the survival of heart transplantation patients with a follow-up of up to 12 years. Methods. This was a single-c

After a long period of being constructed as anonymous administration complexes, first instance courts are once again being built as emblematic elements of the city, designed by renowned architects and rising up on central plots adjacent to train stations, headquarter buildings and exclusive residential areas. This is happening at a time of centralisation, upsizing and property privatisation, and w

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication after lung transplantation, but the reported incidence varies in the literature. No data on AKI have been published from the Swedish lung transplantation program. Methods: The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence, perioperative risk factors, and effects of early postoperative acute kidney injury (Kidney Disease Improving

This is the first of three chapters (this chapter and Chapters 7 and 8) on diffusion MRI acquisition for tractography. For tractography, the acquisition is optimized for the estimation of fiber orientation. This chapter covers the creation of diffusion contrast. This is largely independent of the image encoding part of the MRI sequence, which is covered in Chapter 7. Unless explicitly stated, this

This study presents a measurement campaign with an ultra-large-scale antenna array in both Line-of-Sight (LoS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) outdoor scenarios. Measurements were conducted at a center frequency of 15 GHz with a bandwidth of 4 GHz. A virtual 40×40 planar antenna array, formed by moving a vertically-polarized bi-conical omni-directional antenna (ODA) along regularly spaced grids, was

From the chapter "Introduction and Background": The pilot phase of the National Urban Policy Programme (NUPP): “Developing NUP and Smart City Strategies in Iran” started in 2017 in collaboration between UN-Habitat, Republic of Korea, in three pilot countries of Niger, Myanmar, and Islamic Republic of Iran. It aimed to develop National Urban Policies and Smart City Strategies in Iran and to offer a

The final chapter presents a summary of the key themes and insights from the Elgar Handbook as workshopped in Dublin in October 2023 and developed by the named authors. Health system resilience is a potent and useful concept which has shown a versatility and appeal across a range of health system crises. Nevertheless, it still needs to gain maturity with key challenges around understanding and mea

Forskning visar att läkemedelsreklam kan vara vilseledande. Därför borde Läkartidningen göra som sin danska systertidning: tacka nej till industrins annonser.

This is the second of three chapters on diffusion MRI acquisition for tractography. This chapter covers image formation, which is largely independent of the creation of diffusion contrast (Chapter 6). The Stejskal-Tanner diffusion experiments in the 1960s were bulk NMR measurements of diffusion; the addition of spatial localization, i.e., imaging, would follow decades later. The excitation and rea

Many problems in computer vision can be formulated as geometric estimation problems, i.e. given a collection of measurements (e.g. point correspondences) we wish to fit a model (e.g. an essential matrix) that agrees with our observations. This necessitates some measure of how much an observation 'agrees' with a given model. A natural choice is to consider the smallest perturbation that makes the o