The primary purpose of this thesis is to assess policy measures promoting the uptake and use of low-carbon technologies in urban road freight transport (URFT) in Oslo, Norway. This sector has historically received little attention compared to passenger and public transport, but contribute to significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, noise, and other negative health effects. Low-carbon vehicles i

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka förekomst av buller på återvinningsstationer och olika avskärmningsmetoders effektivitet, vilket gjordes genom ljudnivåmätningar och intervjuer. Ljudnivåmätningar gjordes vid tömning av glasinsamlingsbehållare på en återvinningsstation och vid glasinsamling på fyra återvinningsstationer med olika avskärmningsmetoder. Ljudnivåmätningar gjordes även avThe purpose of this study was to investigate noise at recycling stations and the effect of shields in noise reduction, this was done through sound level measurements and interviews. The sounds level measurements took place at five recycling stations, at one recycling station while containers where emptied and at four recycling stations with different shield methods while recycling glass. Sound lev

Double taxation has been widely accepted that constitutes an obstacle to the functioning of the single market. The European Union has adopted some uniform measures to have double taxation eliminated, for example, the Parent-Subsidiary Directive and the Interest-Royalty Directive. In addition, the Arbitration Convention has been concluded between Member States to eliminate double taxation in respec

En studie av svenska kvinnors motiv för mission, samt deras förhållande till det koloniala systemet i de länder de verkade med start strax efter sekelskiftet 1800/1900. Undersökningen kretsar till stor del kring frågan om huruvida kvinnor sökte frihet från manlig överordning genom kristen mission.

Kraftringens geotermianläggning i Lund har varit i drift sen 1984. Det är den enda stora geoter-miska anläggningen i Sverige. Efter mer än 30 års drift är det dags att utvärdera hur det har fungerat. Arbetet be-skriver de geologiska förutsättningarna som stratigrafi (formation), formationstemperatur, typ av akvifer, porositet, permeabilitet och vattenkemi, samt driftdata, systemuppbyggnad, funktioThe geothermal heat plant in Lund has been running since 1984. It is the only one of its kind in Sweden. After running for more than 30 years it’s now time to evaluate the experiences from the long operational period of the heat plant. This report describes the geological conditions like the formation, temperature of the geothermal water, aquifer, porosity, permeability, and chemistry of the forma

The Circular economy (CE) is an economic system created as an alternative to the unsustainable linear economy. CE and its business models aims to deal with the challenges as resource depletion, waste creation and over consumption by closing the material loop. CE is today practiced using different business models. One such business model is remanufacturing. A business model that has gained a lot of

With growing awareness about their environmental impact, music festivals have increased their efforts to become greener since the 2000s. In line with this trend, the German Fuchsbau Festival developed a transport plan, taking into account that up to 80.0% of a festival’s emissions are produced through audience travel. Aiming at triggering a greener travel behaviour among its visitors, four measure

Today, approximately 55% of the total global population lives in urban areas, while in Europe the number is higher than 70%, and both figures are expected to continue growing during the next decades. At the same time, cities are facing an increasing number of challenges, such as sea level rise, increased temperatures, air quality and more extreme weather events. Nature-based Solutions (NbS), altho

International and national carbon reduction plans and targets have constituted the subject of a copious amount research in recent years. Concurrently, the number of cities, regions, companies and communities that have set ambitious targets for renewable energy and energy efficiency has been growing. Among these actors, rural communities in the developed world and their efforts toward the transitio

Most of the increase in world electricity demand until 2030 is expected to come from developing countries (IRENA, 2016) and transition to carbon free energy production technologies offers the opportunity to reduce the negative effects of this increase. With majority of the low and middle income countries located in the areas of favourable solar radiation, PV technology is likely to become a key so

With the climate change and urbanization process, the frequency of the urban flooding’s occurrence has increased in the recent years. It brings great economic losses to the cities, especially to the basements of individual properties. Low Impact Development (LID), which currently advocated by more city planners for managing stormwater, is considered as a more sustainable way to mitigate urban floo

Colombia is advancing its mitigation and renewable energy policy instruments implementation. Specifically, the country has introduced support schemes for electricity generation from renewable energy sources (RES-E) and a national carbon tax. Therefore, these two instruments interact within the climate-energy policy mix. However, the interaction between them could be complementary or overlapping de

Åldersdatering innebär att man åldersbestämmer geologiska enheter och processer. Detta görs genom att mäta förhållandet mellan moder- och dotterisotop för radioaktiva grundämnen. Geokronologin är viktig för att kunna återskapa den geologiska historien för en kontinent. Man kan t.ex. erhålla tidsinformation kring när större landmassor bröts upp, genom att t.ex. identifiera och studera stora vulkaniIn recent years, there has been a significant improvement in our ability to determine the ages of extensive short-lived magmatic events (large igneous provinces) dominated by rocks of mafic (silica-poor) compositions. This has been aided by targeting the magmatic feeders to these large igneous provinces (e.g., dykes and sills), which often host trace amounts of datable zirconium minerals such as b

Across most contemporary democracies, different provisions of public funding for parties have been introduced in post-war times. Parties have come to rely heavily on this subsidy, yet, the effects of this change in party finance remains poorly understood. Sweden is no exception to this rule, where parties receive considerable amounts of funding from both state and local authorities. In this thesis

In this master thesis the consistent initialization problem is studied and three different algorithms were developed regarding the subject area - a graph algorithm used for solving the initialization problem, a parallel algorithm to enable parallel computations when solving the initialization problem and lastly a genetic algorithm used as a preprocessing stage for parallelization. The thesis is b

The decentralization of fiscal responsibilities in China has strengthened economic development and enhanced local public management. However, due to fiscal competition, local governments that are fiscally constrained tend to neglect environmental standards in favour of economic growth. This study researches how outcomes of fiscal federalism in China, measured by budgetary ratios of gross regional

Cities around the world are leading the race toward an environmentally sustainable future, but one of their major obstacles have been the personal automobile. The movement of people using public transportation often has a far lower impact than the personal automobile, but these systems are often rigid and expensive to build and operator. Now, with the emergence of intelligent transport systems – a