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Significant advances have been made towards understanding the role of immune cell-tumor interplay in either suppressing or promoting tumor growth, progression, and recurrence, however, the roles of additional stromal elements, cell types and/or cell states remain ill-defined. The overarching goal of this NCI-sponsored workshop was to highlight and integrate the critical functions of non-immune str
Neurofilaments are structural components of neurons and are particularly abundant in highly myelinated axons. The levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma have been related to degeneration in several neurodegenerative conditions including frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and NfL is currently considered as the most promising diagnostic and prognostic fluid
We present a simple technique to experimentally determine the optical-path length change with temperature for optical single-mode fibers. Standard single-mode fibers act as natural low-finesse cavities, with the Fresnel reflection of the straight cleaved surfaces being ∼3%, for the laser light coupled to them. By measuring the intensity variations due to interference of light reflected from the fi
We provide bibliographical connections and extensions of several representations of the classical Laplace distribution, discussed recently in the study of Ding and Blitzstein. Beyond presenting relation to some previous results, we also include their skew as well as multivariate versions. In particular, the distribution of det Z, where Z is an n × n matrix of iid standard normal components, is obt
The hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment depends on an integration over three off-shell momenta squared (Qi2) of the correlator of four electromagnetic currents and the fourth leg at zero momentum. We derive the short-distance expansion of this correlator in the limit where all three Qi2 are large and in the Euclidean domain in QCD. This is done via a systemat
Squamous cell carcinoma caused by ultraviolet light exposure represents over 40% of all malignant diseases. It is one of the most commonly found human tumours. Tumour mass within squamous cell carcinoma consists of various cell types, including cancer-initiating cells that are responsible for tumour progression, metastasis and chemoresistance and implicated in clinical relapse. In the present stud
Cyclopentanone is a promising biofuel that can enable more efficient engine operation and increase the fuel economy of the light duty fleet over current and planned technology developments. While the ignition of cyclopentanone has been investigated in detail, more studies on the laminar burning velocities of cyclopentanone are called for. In this work, the laminar burning velocities of cyclopentan
Although vegetation phenology thresholds have been developed for a wide range of mapping applications, their use for assessing the distribution of natural bamboo and the related carbon stocks is still limited, especially in Southeast Asia. Here, we used Google Earth Engine (GEE) to collect time-series of Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Sentinel-2 images and employed a phenology-based t
CONCLUSIONS: This update on the P1PK blood group system (Hellberg Å, Westman JS, Thuresson B, Olsson ML. P1PK: the blood group system that changed its name and expanded. Immunohematology 2013;29:25-33) provides recent findings concerning the P1PK blood group system that have both challenged and confirmed old theories. The glycosphingolipids can no longer be considered the sole carriers of the anti
Every year, the European Respiratory Society (ERS) organises the Lung Science Conference (LSC) in Estoril, Portugal, to discuss basic and translational science. The topic of the LSC 2020 was “Metabolic alterations in lung ageing and disease”. In addition to an outstanding scientific programme, the LSC provides excellent opportunities for career development and inclusion of Early Career Members (EC
The last glacial period is characterized by a number of millennial climate events that have been identified in both Greenland and Antarctic ice cores and that are abrupt in Greenland climate records. The mechanisms governing this climate variability remain a puzzle that requires a precise synchronization of ice cores from the two hemispheres to be resolved. Previously, Greenland and Antarctic ice
The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) observed many open clusters as part of its programme to spectroscopically characterize the various Milky Way populations. GES spectroscopy and Gaia astrometry from its second data release are used here to assign membership probabilities to targets towards 32 open clusters with ages from 1 to 3800 Myr, based on maximum likelihood modelling of the 3D kinematics of the clust
The carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees
We describe predictions for top quark pair differential distributions at hadron colliders, by combining the next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics calculations and next-to-leading order electroweak corrections with double resummation at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy of threshold logarithms and small-mass logarithms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first s
Sex-disaggregated data on the success rates of applications to the individual grants at the European Research Council and selected national funding agencies show similar outcomes for women and men. There are large differences in success rates between countries and in all countries with applicants to the European Research Council men are applying disproportionally more (and women less) compared to
Aim: To assess growth plate fusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and evaluate the correlation with sex, age, pubertal development, physical activity and BMI. Methods: Wrist, knee and ankle of 958 healthy subjects aged 14.0-21.5 years old were examined using MRI and graded by two radiologists. Correlations of growth plate fusion score with age, pubertal development, physical activity and BMI
The length of time that carbon remains in forest biomass is one of the largest uncertainties in the global carbon cycle, with both recent historical baselines and future responses to environmental change poorly constrained by available observations. In the absence of large-scale observations, models used for global assessments tend to fall back on simplified assumptions of the turnover rates of bi
