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The purpose of this study was to clarify the causes of the smoking-schizophrenia association.

The nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeats (NBSLRR) belong to one of the largest known families of disease resistance genes that encode resistance proteins (R-protein) against the pathogens of plants. Various defence mechanisms have explained the regulation of plant immunity, but still, we have limited understanding about plant defence against different pathogens. Identification of R-protein

Deficient soluble fiber intake has been suggested to dysregulate the immune response either directly or through alterations of the microbial composition in the gut.

The severity of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) is defined by the degree of flow limitation measured as forced expiratory volume in 1 s, which mainly reflects impairment of large and intermediate airways. However, COPD is primarily a small airways disease. Therefore, better diagnostic tools are needed. Ventilation-Perfusion (V/P) SPECT is a sensitive method to detect obstructive lung chang

Organo-metal halide perovskites (OMHPs) have attracted enormous interest in recent years as materials for application in optoelectronics and solar energy conversion. These hybrid semiconductors seem to have the potential to challenge traditional silicon technology. In this review we will give an account of the recent development in the understanding of the fundamental light-induced processes in OM

A search is presented for heavy-quark pair production (Q (Q) over bar) under the decay hypothesis Q (Q) over bar -> W(+)qW(-)(q) over bar with q = d, s, b for up-type Q or q = u, c for down-type Q. The search is performed with 1.04 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity from pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the CERN LHC. Dilepton final states are selected, requiring larg

Abstract in UndeterminedA family of iterative receivers is evaluated in terms of complexity and performance for the case of an uplink multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system. The transmission over block fading channels is considered. The analyzed class of receivers is performing channel estimation inside the iterative detection l

The essential Cdc13 protein is part of the trimeric CST complex that confers genome stability by binding to and protecting yeast telomeres. In this issue of Structure, Mason and colleagues characterize an OB fold domain of Cdc13 (named OB2) and propose that homo-dimerization of OB2 is required for proper assembly of the CST complex and telomere maintenance.

This article reports the findings of what it means to live with intestinal failure caused by Crohn disease and how it influences daily life. Ten patients, 7 with an ostomy and 7 on home parenteral nutrition followed up at an outpatient clinic for patients with intestinal failure, were interviewed using a qualitative, phenomenological-hermeneutic method. The analysis of the transcribed data is desc

The indications for adjuvant therapy in endometrial cancer are briefly reviewed. The importance of systemic adjuvant therapy is emphasized. A short summary of randomized studies on adjuvant chemotherapy versus radiotherapy and on adjuvant sequential chemotherapy plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone is given. On the basis of the present results from randomized trials, a combination of adjuva

Probiotics, especially in combination with non-digestible oligosaccharides, may balance the gut microflora while multistrain preparations may express an improved functionality over single strain cultures. In vitro gastrointestinal models enable to test survival and growth dynamics of mixed strain probiotics in a controlled, replicable manner.

Controlled dehydration of macromolecular crystals can lead to significant improvements in crystalline order, which often manifests itself in higher diffraction quality. Devices that can accurately control the humidity surrounding crystals on a beamline have led to this technique being increasingly adopted as experiments become easier and more reproducible. However, these experiments are often carr

The approximately 150kDa ChlH subunit of magnesium chelatase from Oryza sativa, Hordeum vulgare and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been heterologously expressed in Escherichiacoli. The active soluble protein is found as both a multimeric and a monomeric form. The multimeric ChlH appears to be oxidatively damaged but monomer production is favoured in growth conditions that are known to cause an oxi

To illuminate children's experiences prior to colonoscopy.

To estimate the prevalence of extrauterine pelvic lesions at transvaginal ultrasound examination of gynecologically asymptomatic women of fertile age and to compare this prevalence between women with spontaneous menstrual cycles, those using combined oral contraceptive pills (COC) or a gestagen intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD).

Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with MLL rearrangements (MLL-R) represents a distinct leukemia with a poor prognosis. To define its mutational landscape, we performed whole-genome, exome, RNA and targeted DNA sequencing on 65 infants (47 MLL-R and 18 non-MLL-R cases) and 20 older children (MLL-R cases) with leukemia. Our data show that infant MLL-R ALL has one of the lowest frequencies o

Background Hyper-CVAD is widely used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and aggressive lymphomas. This multicenter, population-based study assessed the efficacy of Hyper-CVAD as first-line therapy in patients with T-cell ALL (T-ALL). Patients and methods Between October 2002 and September 2006, 24 patients were diagnosed with T-ALL in Sweden; 19 were eligible for treatment with the protoc