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The relative size and relaxation of the invisible pool of bound spins (T1b) underlying magnetization transfer (MT) was quantified in eight subjects in vivo at 1.5 T from progressive saturation experiments using repetitive MT pulses. The evolution of the binary spin–bath was sampled by increasing the repetition period from 8 to 200 ms. Single-shot echo-planar images at TE=50ms were evaluated in the
Background. Knowledge pertaining to the relationship between migration status and psychosocial job characteristics and long-term illness is not readily available in the international literature. The aim of this study is to analyse the cross-sectional associations between high psychological job demands and low decision latitude (high job strain), work-related social support and long-term illness am
Case study is a suitable research methodology for software engineering research since it studies contemporary phenomena in its natural context. However, the understanding of what constitutes a case study varies, and hence the quality of the resulting studies. This paper aims at providing an introduction to case study methodology and guidelines for researchers conducting case studies and readers st
Odor memory has been argued to exhibit unique characteristics in relation to memory for other types of stimuli such as visually presented words. Two experiments investigated episodic recognition performance as well as memory awareness for odors and words across manipulations of orienting task and retention interval. Orienting task mattered little to odor recognition. However, in contradiction with
Besides gamma rays from Cs-137 emanating from the Chernobyl accident, gamma rays from natural radionuclides are a dominant source of radiation exposure to the public. Since people spend much more time indoors than outdoors the radiation dose obtained inside dwellings contributes greatly to individual and collective doses. Dose rate measurements were made at 20 locations within the city of Goteborg
Oak moss absolute is a long-known, popular natural extract widely used in perfumes. It is reported as the cause of allergic reactions in a significant number of those with perfume allergy. Oak moss absolute has been the target of recent research to identify its allergenic components. Recently, chloroatranol, a hitherto unknown fragrance allergen, was identified in oak moss absolute. The objective
Dimeric norspermidine and spermidine derivatives are strong competitive inhibitors of polyamine transport. A xylyl tether was used for the dimerization of various triamines and spermine via a secondary amino group, and of putrescine via an ether or an amino group. Dimerization of putrescine moieties potentiates their ability to compete against spermidine transport to a much greater extent than for
We have characterized 2 distinct mechanisms through which infectious agents may promote platelet adhesion and thrombus formation in flowing blood, thus contributing to the progression of disease. In one case, the process initiates when the integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) mediates platelet arrest onto immobilized bacterial constituents that have bound plasma fibrinogen. If blood contains antibodies agai
The ability of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) to influence epithelial interleukin (IL)-8 responses to the intestinal bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum 299v was analyzed in the human HT-29 colonic epithelial cell line. In the absence of TNF-alpha, IL-8 mRNA expression was not detectable by Northern blot analysis in HT-29 cells alone or in HT-29 cells co-culture
Detecting and estimating long-range dependence are important in the analysis of many environmental time series. This article proposes a periodogram roughness (PR) estimator and describes its uses for testing and estimating the dependence structure. Asymptotic critical values are generated for performing the test, and special attention is given to investigating the properties of the PR regarding si
Mercury and selenium in whole blood and serum of 245 17-year old Swedish adolescents were analysed. The relationships between these elements' concentrations and the consumption of fish as well as the number of dental amalgam fillings were studied. The geometric means (GM) of the mercury concentrations were 1.1 mug/L in blood and 0.43 mug/L in serum. The mean selenium concentration in blood was 110
This paper presents selected findings from the project 'Privatisation of public housing in Hanoi, the impacts on housing quality and social equality' which was financed by the Swedish International Development Authority (SIDA). The project analyses the consequences of privatisation on the housing conditions of those tenants and owners who live in privatised and partly privatised multi family apart
The aim of this work is to quantitatively compare two commonly used beam quality indices, IPR(20/10) and %dd(10)x, with respect to their ability to predict stopping power ratios (water to air), s(w,air), for high-energy x-rays. In particular, effects due to a varied amount of filtration of the photon beam will be studied. A new method for characterizing beam quality is also presented, where the in
The modeling of soot formation and oxidation under industrially relevant conditions has made significant progress in recent years. Simplified models introducing a small number of transport equations into a CFD Code have been used with some success in research configurations simulating a reciprocating diesel engine. Soot formation and oxidation in the turbulent flow is calculated on the basis of a
Aim: Studying changes between the ages of 20 and 35 in the use of alcohol and its meaning to the user and the relation of this to cultural background. Data and method: Qualitative interviews with 42 persons in Malmö, Sweden, aged approximately 20 years (21 women and 21 men) belonging to 3 groups, differing in social characteristics in their use of alcohol and the meaning it had for them. 34 of the
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and related DNA damage in human sperm may be important for fecundity and pregnancy outcome. METHODS: We studied the level of oxidative DNA damage in terms of 7-hydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in sperm DNA among 225 first-pregnancy planners. Over the six menstrual cycle follow-up time, after cessation of contraception, 135 pregnancies were conceived. RESULTS: Th
