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Quantization noise modeling in low-delay speech coding

We present a low-delay vector predictive transform coder with quantization noise modeling. The coder uses overlapped transform coding and a Kalman filter with a backward estimated LPC model of the speech signal combined with an additive noise model of the quantization noise. The noise model is driven by the vector quantizer. Each quantizer cell has its own error correlation matrix, which is kept i

Default Probabilities According to the Bond Market

In this paper we describe a simple way of analytically computing entire ìterm structures of default probabilities using information embedded in the corporate bond market data. This market-based approach of estimating the creditworthiness of firms gives probabilities of default at various maturities, and has the advantage over traditional credit ratings in that it is dynamic and forward looking.

Rundabordssamtal: Är det skillnad att utbilda naturvetare och tekniker?

Det finns flera anekdotiska bevis för att lärare och studenter anser att det är stor skillnad på naturvetar- och ingenjörsstudenter. För att ge en utgångspunkt för diskussioner på detta tema presenterar vi här en undersökning av två studentgrupper kemitekniker och naturvetare som läst liknande organkemikurs med samma lärare. De första preliminära resultaten visar att skillnaden mellan grupperna fr

Hemophilia A and B with special reference to prevention and treatment of arthropathy

Popular Abstract in Swedish Popularized summary in Swedish (Sammanfattning på svenska) Blödarsjuka - hemofili - är en ärftlig sjukdom som endast uppträder hos män och som överföres av kvinnliga bärare vilka ej är blödare. Sjukdomen tar sig uttryck i en abnorm blödningsbenägenhet med framför allt ledblödningar och då redan från tidig ålder. Det finns två typer av blödarsjuka, hemofili A respektiveIn patients with severe hemophilia it is today possible to prevent the development of arthropathy by giving effective continuous prophylaxis from an early age, thus preventing the VIII:C or IX:C concentration from falling below 1% of normal. All the signs show that if a high-dose prophylactic regimen - that is, 3,000-5,000 U/kg body weight annually - is started as early as 1-2 years of age, the pa

The Swedish Model of Industrial Relations: Self-Regulation and Combined Centralisation-Decentralisation

The Swedish model of industrial relations is analyzed with respect to some closely related dimensions: collective agreements - legislation, cooperation - confrontation, self-regulation - state regulation and centralisation - decentralisation. Both the historical development and the present state of the model are discussed. In an analytical table the dimension self-regulation - state regulation is

Comparative aerodynamic performance of flapping flight in two bat species using time-resolved wake visualization.

Bats are unique among extant actively flying animals in having very flexible wings, controlled by multi-jointed fingers. This gives the potential for fine-tuned active control to optimize aerodynamic performance throughout the wingbeat and thus a more efficient flight. But how bat wing performance scales with size, morphology and ecology is not yet known. Here, we present time-resolved fluid wake

Marias medlidande: Ett bidrag till studiet av birgittinsk spiritualitet

The compassion felt by Mary for Christ when she was standing at the foot of the Cross is an important motif in late medieval piety. It becomes an object of liturgical celebration in the fifteenth century and sermons are preached on it. This paper treats the motif in some fifteenth century sermons from manuscripts once owned by the Birgittine abbey of Vadstena, Sweden. The treatment of the motif in

On the nature of the qualitative research approach

The qualitative approach to research is seen as a socially constructed heterogeneous tradition of ideas. It is difficult to argue for the existence of some set of features which are common to all qualitative methods but not to other types of research methods. Furthermore, it is unfortunate to see the qualitative approach as inherently in contrast to the quantitative approach. In fact, it may be fr

Studies of the fragmentation process in hadronic decays of Z⁰ boson

This thesis is based on the work that was done during 1992--1996 at the DELPHI detector at LEP. Its main parts are outlined below. The brief Introduction gives an overview of the science of Particle Physics, its development and contemporary status. The first chapter represents an introduction to the DELPHI detector at LEP, describing the main features of the LEP machine and the DELPHI detector a