The key role of tropical forest belowground carbon stocks and fluxes is well recognised as one of the main components of the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle. This study presents the first detailed investigation of spatial and temporal patterns of fine root stocks and fluxes in tropical forests along an elevational gradient, ranging from the Peruvian Andes (3020 m) to lowland Amazonia (194 m), w

Background: Our objective was to explore outcome and clinical changes in hand function, satisfaction in daily occupations, sleep disturbances, health and quality of life in consecutive patients after a severe or major hand injury. Our objective was also to investigate possible differences between groups according to severity of injury, presence of peripheral nerve injury and the patients' sense of

A new type of electromagnetic soft magnetic material (SMM) is introduced, based on spherical iron powder particles and a suitable polymer binder. A key feature of this material is that it can be cast or molded into almost any 3D shape, hence the denotation soft magnetic moldable composite ((SMC)-C-2). The SM2C is compared with a set of reference materials, such as ferrites, laminated steels, and s

Song is a sexually selected trait in many bird species and has been suggested to function as a signal of a male's health and parasite resistance. Here we present an experimental field study on the long-term effects of parasite exposure early in life on adult bird song. We exposed nestling great tits (Parus major) to ectoparasitic hen fleas (Ceratophyllus gallinae) and on their recruitment into the

Context: During systematic literature reviews it is necessary to assess the quality of empirical papers. Current guidelines suggest that two researchers should independently apply a quality checklist and any disagreements must be resolved. However, there is little empirical evidence concerning the effectiveness of these guidelines. Aims: This paper investigates the three techniques that can be use

In this paper we discuss $(\epsilon,\delta)$-Freudenthal Kantor triple systems with certain structure on the subspace $L_{-2}$ of the corresponding standard embedding five graded Lie (super)algebra $L(\epsilon,\delta):=L_{-2}\oplus L_{-1}\oplus L_0\oplus L_1\oplus L_2; [L_i,L_j]\subseteq L_{i+j}$. We recall Lie and Jordan structures associated with $(\epsilon,\delta)$-Freudenthal Kantor triple sys

In this paper, we propose a statistical theoretical framework for incorporation of sensor and actuator faults in dynamic simulations of wastewater treatment operation. Sensor and actuator faults and failures are often neglected in simulations for control strategy development and testing, although it is well known that they represent a significant obstacle for realising control at full-scale facili

Statistical modeling of atrioventricular (AV) nodal function during atrial fibrillation (AF) is revisited for the purpose of defining model properties and improving parameter estimation. The characterization of AV nodal pathways is made more detailed and the number of pathways is now determined by the Bayesian information criterion, rather than just producing a probability as was previously done.

Purpose – The two-fold purpose of this paper is identifying areas of difficulty in managing the needs of end-users in the course of the design and delivery of construction projects and suggesting possible solutions. Design/methodology/approach – The focus of the paper is the interaction between three principal parties: end-users, project leader (a selected end-user) and facility planner (a facil

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited disorder characterized by recurrent life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections. CGD results from defective production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytes caused by mutations in genes encoding the NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex subunits. Mice with a spontaneous mutation in Ncf1, which encodes the NCF1 (p47(Phox)) subunit of NOX2, have d

Popular Abstract in Swedish I det här arbetet studerades kontaktallergi för metaller som finns i olika stentar. Patienterna som ingick i studien hade blivit stentade med olika typer av stentar. En av stentarna var gjord av rostfritt stål (nickelstent) och den andra var förgylld (guldstent). Resultaten av lapptestningen visade att patienterna hade en hög frekvens av både guld- och nickelallergi, ocA large number of patients are treated with coronary stents, and restenosis (recurrent narrowing of the vessel) is a serious problem. Contact allergy to metal ions eluted from stainless steel stents has been suggested to contribute to in-stent restenosis. Studies have reported a higher rate of restenosis with gold-plated stents, but the correlation to contact allergy was not evaluated. Nickel is t

The tumor suppressor CYLD and the proto-oncogene BCL-3 are known to be deregulated in various cancer types. The molecular background of how these genes participate in carcinogenesis is not fully understood. CYLD is a deubiquitinating enzyme known to specifically target lysine 63 linked ubiquitin chains, which can negatively regulate the BCL-3, NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways, leading to a decreas

In 2011 the C9ORF72 repeat expansion was identified as the most frequent genetic mutation underlying FTD and ALS. The main aim of this study was to investigate clinical characteristics in a large C9ORF72-positive FTD family, and to compare these with the neuropathological findings.

In electromyographic (EMG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, muscle and brain activity was compared during low levels of tooth clenching using a novel biting device to control bite force. A total of 21 healthy subjects performed motor tasks, comprising tooth clenching at 5, 10 and 20N. During all measurements, subjects kept the novel bite device between the anterior teeth d