Filtyp
This thesis explores the transport of thermally and optically excited electrons invarious nanowire structures. On one hand, electrons are thermally excited when thetemperature is nonzero, and the thermal energy help them surmount energy barriersthat are present in the material. On the other hand, when the electron distributionsat different part of the material are out-of-equilibrium due to thermal
In all developed and some developing countries there are socioeconomic status (SES) differences in tobacco smoking. People with a low of education, manual occupation, low income as well as the unemployed are daily smokers to a higher extent than those with high SES. People with low SES also stop smoking to a lesser extent in many developed countries. Several theories have been proposed to account
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate school contextual effects on daily tobacco smoking, heavy alcohol use and hashish use among adolescents, using multilevel analyses adjusting for individual-level factors. Methods: The 2012 public health survey among adolescents in Skåne includes pupils in ninth grade in primary school (predominantly 15-16. years old) and second grade in second
The purpose of this thesis is two-fold. Firstly, it is to investigate the notion of belonging in contemporary photography in Turkey and Sweden. Secondly, it aims to contribute to a theoretical approach to contemporary photography that includes its affective, situated and embodied aspects. Engaging is used throughout the thesis as a unifying notion to bring together a range of theoretical perspecti
The nine sympatric forms of small ermine moths of the genus Yponomeuta (Lepidoptere; Yponomeutidae) in the west palaearctic region show various degrees of differentiation1,2, including among other characteristics, differences in their sexual pheromones3. As is the case for many other moths4, the ermine moths so far analysed use delta 11-unsaturated acetates ((Z)-11-tetradecenyl, (E)-11-tetradeceny
Female pheromone gland extracts from cultures of Agrotis segetum originating from Sweden, France, Hungary and England were analysed for pheromone components and precursors (fatty acids). The pheromone blends were similar in moths from the Swedish, English and Hungarian populations, whereas the French diverged with a much higher amount of (Z)-7-decenyl acetate relative to the homologous pheromone c
(16-D3)palmitic acid was applied topically to pheromone glands of the turnip moth. After incubation omega labeled analogues of fatty acid methyl esters and acetates were identified by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and selected ion monitoring. The pheromone components (Z)-5-decenyl, (Z)-7-dodecenyl- and (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate were all biosynthesized from palmitic acid along
(Z)‐11‐hexadecenyl acetate (Z‐11–16:Ac), (Z)‐11‐hexadecenal (Z‐11–16:Ald), (Z)‐11‐hexadecenol (Z‐11–16:OH) and hexadecanyl acetate (16:Ac) were found in pheromone gland extracts of female Mamestra suasa (Den. et Schiff.) in the relative amounts 100/2/10/5. All four compounds were also present in collections of airborne volatiles from calling females in a 100/7/5/5 ratio. No traces of 14 carbon ald
Reproductive isolation among four sympatric small ermine moths (Yponomeuta) is analyzed in terms of niches in the sexual communication channel. Potential pheromone components were identified from pheromone gland secretions of Y. evonymellus, Y. cagnagellus, Y. padelius, and Y. vigintipunctatus by gas chromatography with flame ionization and electroantennographic detection and tested for behavioral
Chain-elongated analogues of (Z)-dec-5-enyl acetate, a pheromone component of the turnip moth, Agrotis segetum, have been studied. The conformational energies required for the analogues to mimic spatial relationships in the parent molecule, assumed to be crucial for the receptor interaction, were calculated by molecular mechanics (MM2). The calculated energies show a striking correlation with meas
Female pheromone gland extracts of two primitive New Zealand tortricid species that use (Z)-8-tetradecenyl acetate as a pheromone component were analyzed for pheromone precursors. Both Planotortrix excessana and Ctenopseustis obliquana contained (Z)-8-tetradecenoate as well as large amounts of (Z)-10-hexadecenoate. We propose that (Z)-8-tetradecenyl acetate is synthesized from hexadecanoate (palmi
In this paper, the execution and results of an evacuation experiment that was conducted in a road tunnel in Stockholm in 2014 is presented. The primary objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of different emergency exit portal designs, and other technical installations/aids in the tunnel, during a fire evacuation in smoke. Based on the results, it is concluded that the emerge
