Phase behavior and rheology of polymer mixtures comprising aqueous solutions of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes are investigated. Emphasis is put on the effects of hydrophobic modification of the polymers and addition of salt. The associative phase separation usually observed when mixing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes is effectively prevented over a large miscibility region for the hydrop

The complexes trans-[PtPh(OTf)(PMe2Ph)(2)] (1) and trans- [PtPh(OTf)(PPh3)(2)] (4) were synthesized from the corresponding chloro complexes in moderate yields. Complex I is slowly hydrolyzed in solution, giving the dinuclear hydroxo-bridged complex [Pt(mu-OH)(PMe2Ph)(2)](2)(CF3SO3)(2) (6), which was characterized by X-ray crystallography. In solution I and 4 undergo fast solvolysis to give the cor

Apomorphine, given subcutaneously (s.c.), induces erection and bladder overactivity in rats through stimulation of dopamine (D1- and D2-like) receptors in the central nervous system. In paraplegic patients, apomorphine was reported to cause bladder overactivity. This suggests that apomorphine may have a spinal site of action also for stimulation of erection. The present study was initiated to eval

Caveolae are Omega-shaped vesicular structures postulated to play a role in transvascular protein transport. Studies on mice lacking endothelial caveolae, caveolin-1 knockout (Cav-1-KO) mice, indicate increased macromolecular transport rates. This was postulated to be due to the appearance of an alternative pathway. The present study tested whether an alternative pathway had appeared in Cav-1-KO m

We construct a model for the space of automorphisms of a connected p-compact group in terms of the space of automorphisms of its maximal torus normalizer and its root datum. As a consequence we show that any homomorphism to the outer automorphism group of a p–compact group can be lifted to a group action, analogous to a classical theorem of de Siebenthal for compact Lie groups. The model of this p

Oral contraceptive (OC) use in young women has been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. This matched case-control study aims to elucidate the combined effects of OC use and genetic factors in a population-based series of BRCA1/2 mutation-tested early-onset breast cancers. A first invasive breast cancer was diagnosed in 259 women aged

The primary productivity of a plant community can be modeled as the product of the amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) absorbed by the canopy and a light use efficiency factor, where the amount of absorbed PAR (APAR) is the product of the fractional absorption and the amount of incident PAR. By implementing a method, PARcalc, using atmospheric data from the Moderate Resolution Imag

Given the lack of consistent evidence of the relationship between Mediterranean dietary patterns and body fat, we assessed the cross-sectional association between adherence to a modified Mediterranean diet, BMI, and waist circumference (WC). A total of 497,308 individuals (70.7% women) aged 25-70 y from 10 European countries participated in this study. Diet was assessed at baseline using detailed

Aided by mice with multiple deleted brain matrix protein genes, the biochemical analysis of mouse brain matrix molecules indicates a constitutive production of more proteoglycans than can be integrated in multimolecular matrix structures. Possible functions of non-matrix integrated proteoglycans, and aspects of incomplete compensatory mechanisms in knockout mice are discussed.

BACKGROUND:: The extent of surgical resection for malignant laryngeal lesions influences voice quality. An instrument to estimate histopathologic grading of dysplasia in vivo may spare normal tissue without increasing the risk of local failure. METHODS: Laryngeal lesions (N = 39; 21 after administration of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)) were investigated with laser-induced fluorescence, and the

Social differences in the role of habits in health-related behaviour are explored within both sociology and economics, where we define habits as non-reflective, repetitive behaviour. The corresponding theoretical perspectives are the habitus theory, the theory of individualization, and habits as rational decision rules. Sixteen thematically structured interviews are analysed using qualitative meth

Cytogenetic analysis was performed on short-term cultures of primary ovarian carcinomas from 62 patients. Cytogenetic analysis was successful in 59 cases. Clonal chromosome aberrations were detected in 35 tumors. Only numerical changes or a single structural change were found in five carcinomas: trisomy 12 was the sole anomaly in two tumors, one tumor had the karyotype 50,XX, + 5, + 7, + 12, + 14,

The survivable network design problem is a classical problem in combinatorial optimization of constructing a minimum-cost subgraph satisfying predetermined connectivity requirements. In this paper we consider its geometric version in which the input is a complete Euclidean graph. We assume that each vertex v has been assigned a connectivity requirement r(upsilon).. The output subgraph is supposed

A common assumption underlying laterality research is that visual field asymmetries in lateralized word perception indicate the hemispheric specialisation of processes generally available for the perception of words, including words viewed in a more typical setting (i.e. in the central visual field). We tested the validity of this assumption using a phenomenon (the word-letter effect) frequently r

Abstract in French La de´termination du profil de concentration en chlorures dans un be´ton d’une structure soumise a` un environnement marin est une de´marche usuelle pour une pre´diction de la dure´e de service re´siduelle de la structure. Les me´thodes d’e´chantillonnage les plus communes sont le pre´le`vement de poudre par forage ou le carottage a` sec a` profondeurs croissantes pour dosages dInvestigating marine concrete by determining the chloride profile is a common way for making a prediction of the remaining service life of a structure. The most common methods of sampling concrete for this purpose is dust sampling by dry drilling or sampling cores which are analyzed by profile grinding in a laboratory. Now, a similar study has been performed, by simulating different sampling techn

Flight feather moult in small passerines is realized in several ways. Some species moult once after breeding or once on their wintering grounds; others even moult twice. The adaptive significance of this diversity is still largely unknown. We compared the resistance to mechanical fatigue of flight feathers from the chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita, a migratory species moulting once on its breedin