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Introduction: Identifying factors that influence individuals' smoking behavior remains a huge public health concern. This study aimed to investigate changes in individuals' cigarette smoking while considering well-known smoking determinants, including social capital, its presence being postulated to reduce smoking. Methods: From British Household Panel Survey data, two baseline smoking cohorts wer

Background Response to disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is often heterogeneous. We aimed to identify types of disease activity trajectories following the initiation of a new biologic DMARD (bDMARD). Methods Pooled analysis of nine national registries of patients with diagnosis of RA, who initiated Abatacept and had at least two measures of disease activit

IntroductionInterprofessional teamwork is associated with improved patient safety and job satisfaction. Previous research indicates that issues often appear when different professions’ perspectives don’t match up and it also shows that the use of the concept of teamwork within the healthcare literature is not as clear as could be expected. Therefore it is of interest to study how healthcare profes

IntroductionGovernment and public agencies in Sweden have promoted the expansion of eHealth. The strategy behind many of the eHealth services is to increase quality of care, enhance efficiency, patient empowerment and patient safety. Patient online access to their electronic health record (EHR) is one of the most important civic eHealth services. By 2017, all patients in Sweden will be able to acc

Recently a lot has been written on the topic of value incomparability. While there is disagreement on how we are to understand incomparability, most seem to accept Ruth Chang's claim that all comparisons must proceed in some specific respect. Call this the Requirement for Specification. Interestingly, even though most seem to accept this requirement, next to nothing has been written on it. In this

Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) has been shown to be associated with glucose-induced deterioration of pancreatic beta cell function in diabetes. However, whether epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the regulation of TXNIP gene expression by glucose is not clear. Here we studied how glucose exerts its effect on TXNIP gene expression via modulation of histone acetylation marks. To achieve th

Quantum dots (QDs) are good model systems for fundamental studies of mesoscopic transport phenomena using thermoelectric effects because of their small size, electrostatically tunable properties and thermoelectric response characteristics that are very sensitive to small thermal biases. Here we provide a review of experimental studies on thermoelectric properties of single QDs realized in two-dime

In ESS, a 5 MW proton beam will hit a helium cooled tungsten target to generate neutrons by spallation. For the purpose of investigating various aspects of cooling with helium, an experimental system has been constructed at Lund University, Department of Energy Sciences. A helium flow of 3 g/s is circulated in a closed loop with pre-heater, cooler, filters and a test vessel. The vessel has windows

The current paper draws on data generated through group interviews with students who were involved in a larger ethnographic research project performed in three science classrooms. The purpose of the study from which this data was generated, was to understand science teachers’ assessment practices in an upper-secondary school in Sweden. During group interviews students were asked about their concep

The National Early Warning Score – NEWS is a “track and trigger” scale designed to assess in-hospital patients’ vital signs and detect clinical deterioration. In this study the NEWS was translated into Swedish and its association with the need of intensive care was investigated. A total of 868 patient charts, recorded by the medical emergency team at a university hospital, containing the parameter

We have estimated the binding affinity of three sets of ligands of the heat-shock protein 90 in the D3R grand challenge blind test competition. We have employed four different methods, based on five different crystal structures: first, we docked the ligands to the proteins with induced-fit docking with the Glide software and calculated binding affinities with three energy functions. Second, the do

Territoriality has primarily been seen as a spatial rather than temporal phenomenon. In this paper, we want to investigate how time functions in territorialising processes. In particular, we are attracted by the multi-temporality that is co-present in each process of territorialisation (i.e. processes in which time and space are used as means of measure, control and expression). The article is div

Regression models are extensively used in many epidemiological studies to understand the linkage between specific outcomes of interest and their risk factors. However, regression models in general examine the average effects of the risk factors and ignore subgroups with different risk profiles. As a result, interventions are often geared towards the average member of the population, without consid

III-V nanowire transistors are promising candidates for very high frequency electronics applications. The improved electrostatics originating from the gate-all-around geometry allow for more aggressive scaling as compared with planar field-effect transistors, and this can lead to device operation at very high frequencies. The very high mobility possible with In-rich devices can allow very high dev

The energy and rapidity dependence of the average transverse momentum (pT) in pp and pA collisions at energies currently available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are estimated using the color glass condensate (CGC) formalism. We update previous predictions for the pT spectra using the hybrid formalism of the CGC approach and two phenomenologi

Melanoma patients treated with oncogenic BRAF inhibitors can develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) within weeks of treatment, driven by paradoxical RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway activation. Here we identify frequent TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 mutations in human vemurafenib-induced skin lesions and in sporadic cSCC. Functional analysis reveals these mutations ablate canonical TGFβ Smad signalling, which i

Because of the vital roles of industry in sustainable development, it is essentialthat environmental management is effective in preventing pollution. To this end,environmental management systems have been implemented to a growing extent inindustry. Moreover, this Ph.D. research has demonstrated that environmentalmanagement efforts must be systematic to use environmental performanceindicators effec