Concrete deteriorates due to many different mechanisms. Among the most important mechanisms is the reinforcement corrosion induced by deleterious substances reaching the embedded reinforcement bars. The external sources of deleterious materials may, for example, be deicing salts, sea water, and carbon dioxide. Research has sought to determine threshold values, in terms of concentration of deleteri

Multistep methods are classically constructed by specially designed difference operators on an equidistant time grid. To make them practically useful, they have to be implemented by varying the step-size according to some error-control algorithm. It is well known how to extend Adams and BDF formulas to a variable step-size formulation. In this paper we present a collocation approach to construct v

Interactions between amphiphilic alpha-helical human apolipoprotein CI (APO CI) adsorbed on hydrophilic and on hydrophobic surfaces were studied using an interferometric surface force apparatus in an effort to understand the surface conformation and the binding activity of this protein. We used mica as the hydrophilic substrate and polymerized octadecyltriethoxysilane (OTE)-covered mica as the hyd

This paper reports on the optimization of steam pretreatment of barley husk for high pentose and hexose recovery in the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis step, as well as high ethanol yield, following simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. The parameters optimized in the steam pretreatment step were residence time (5-15 min), temperature (190-215 degreesC), and concentration of the acid cat

Subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are usually overweight and exhibit insulin resistance with a defective compensation of insulin secretion. In this study, we sought to establish the interrelation between insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity after oral glucose in non-obese subjects with IGT and we also examined this interrelation in relation to the 2 main incretins, glucagon-like

The kinetics of ethane hydrogenolysis over cobalt catalysts supported on silica has been investigated. The results compare well with previous data from Sinfelt et al., Haddad and Goodwin, and Babernics et al. The data were found to be characterized by an isokinetic temperature, T-iso = 490+/-40 K and it was therefore possible to apply the model of selective energy transfer (SET). This approach ind

We report time-resolved photoluminescence of two polythiophene derivatives with different chain packing. Emission of inter-chain aggregates is distinguished from that of intra-chain singlet excitons. The aggregate luminescence is shifted towards lower energies relative to that of intra-chain exciton by 0.17 eV, and the Huang-Rhys factor of the coupling to the intra-chain C double bondC vibration i

We analyzed the cumulative revision rate in 1,474 patients (1,660 hips) operated on with a cemented Scan Hip Classic I prosthesis from November 1983 to January 1994 at Lund University Hospital. The revision rate was analyzed for 3 diagnoses--arthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and complication after a hip fracture--and for 2 head diameters--22 and 32 mm. Until January 1996, 36 hips were revised: 31 be

all-trans-Retinoic acid, one of the hormonally active derivatives of vitamin A, occurs physiologically in plasma at a concentration below 10 nmol/l. The methods currently used for its quantification are based on HPLC, need about 1 ml of serum, are relatively laborious and thus not well suited for mass analysis. The affinity and specificity of retinoic acid receptors for all-trans-retinoic acid enc

We report absolute oscillator strengths for 119 Cr II transitions in the wavelength region 2050-4850 angstrom. The transition probabilities have been derived by combining radiative lifetimes, measured with time- resolved laser induced fluorescence, and branching fractions from intensity calibrated Fouirer transform spectrometer data. New radiative lifetimes for the 3d(4)(D-5)4p F-4, D-4 and P-6 te