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Divergence in sexually selected traits in allopatry should affect the degree and direction of hybridization. However, few studies have established the causes and targets of sexual selection during secondary contact. Common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis) from north-central Italy have highly exaggerated male sexual traits compared to populations in Western Europe. Using experimental populations, we

Changes occurring in directly heated UHT milk were studied during storage at 5, 22, 30 and 40 °C. Industrially produced UHT milk samples were analysed for changes in enzymatic activity, protein modification, destabilisation of casein micelles and relocation of milk proteins in relation to sedimentation and gel formation. Sedimentation occurred at all temperatures, and the protein composition of th

The aim of this study was to investigate if a rapid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening protocol (<5min/mouse) could characterize colonic inflammation in a chronic experimental colitis model. No respiratory triggering or spasmolytic agent was used during MRI-acquisition. Biomarkers assessed in vivo were colon wall thickness and T2w signal intensity (reflecting oedema) and ex vivo inflammato

Magnetic response image plane nonuniformity and stochastic noise are properties that greatly influence the outcome of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations such as gel dosimetry measurements using MRI. To study these properties, robust and accurate image analysis methods are required. New nonuniformity level assessment methods were designed, since previous methods were found to

A new method has been investigated for the mapping of dose distributions in three dimensions delivered by the Leksell gamma knife. The irradiation unit is used to selectively treat small volumes in the brain with single high doses of ionising radiation--a treatment procedure known as radiosurgery. The dosimetry method investigated utilises a dosimeter gel consisting of ferrous sulphate solution an

The Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) genotype is the most influential risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease. It appears to be associated with retarded endosome-to-autophagosome trafficking. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the heparan sulfate (HS)-containing proteoglycan glypican-1 (Gpc-1) are both processed in endosomes, and mutually regulated by the APP degradation products and the releas

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use has decreased among Swedish adolescents in the past few decades. We examined peer and parent factors (i.e. time spent with peers, time spent with parents and parental monitoring) that could contribute to explaining this trend by investigating their main effects and interaction effects with investigation years on alcohol use. We furthermore examined whether municipality-leve

Bradykinin exhibits proliferative influences in several types of cells; however, in the present study, bradykinin did not promote DNA synthesis but actually inhibited the DNA synthesis induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). This dose-dependent inhibitory effect was a specific intracellular

BACKGROUND: The majority of clinical trials regarding post-operative pain treatment focuses on the average analgesic efficacy, rather than on efficacy in individual patients. It has been argued, that in acute pain trials, the underlying distributions are often skewed, which makes the average unfit as the only way to measure efficacy. Consequently, dichotomised, individual responder analyses using

BACKGROUND: Infants born after in vitro fertilization (IVF) differ from spontaneously conceived infants in a number of aspects which could increase the risk for future cerebral palsy (CP), e.g., multiple births, preterm births, neonatal complications. AIMS: To follow up children conceived by IVF with respect to risk for CP. METHODS: Infants born after IVF were identified from all IVF clinics in Sw

The vitamin A metabolite and transcriptional modulator retinoic acid (RA) is recognized as an important regulator of epithelial cell homeostasis in several tissues. Despite the known importance of the epithelial compartment of the thymus in T cell development and selection, the potential role of RA in the regulation of thymic cortical and medullary epithelial cell homeostasis has yet to be address

To understand better the role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the pathogenesis of primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP), we investigated the basal ET-1 plasma levels and changes after whole-body cooling in healthy women and those with PRP. The study was performed as an open parallel-group comparison during the month of February. The Raynaud group included 21 female patients (mean age 45.3 years, range 21-5

Background: With the increasing digitalization in health care, an effective instrument is necessary to assess health care consumers' digital competencies-their "eHealth literacy." The 7-scale eHealth Literacy Questionnaire (eHLQ), based on the theoretically robust eHealth Literacy Framework, has shown strong psychometric properties in Denmark and Australia.Objective: The aim of this study was to t

Miljövänligt och hållbart byggande har blivit en alltmer betydande fråga både globalt och i Sverige. Med en ökande befolkning och stigande krav på levnadsstandard har behovet av att använda material och resurser ökat avsevärt, vilket har lett till ökade miljöutmaningar. I Sverige står byggsektorn ensam för cirka 21 procent av de totala växthusgasutsläppen, exklusive utsläpp från importerade varor.Environmentally friendly and sustainable construction is an increasingly important matter worldwide and in Sweden. The growing population, coupled with rising demands for living standards, has led to a greater use of materials and goods, resulting in increased environmental problems. In Sweden, the construction sector accounts for approximately 21 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions, excludi

The ultimate dream of unification models consists in combining both gauge and Yukawa couplings into one unified coupling. This is achieved by using a supersymmetric exceptional E6 gauge symmetry together with asymptotic unification in compact five-dimensional space-time. The ultraviolet fixed point requires exactly three fermion generations: one in the bulk, and the two light ones localised on the

Syftet med denna studie var att i ett lokalt elnät undersöka hur laddningen av elbilar påverkar lastmönster i elnätet, både i nuläget och i framtida simulerade situationer. Samt undersöka vilken potential det finns att flytta laddningen över tid i testområdet i Hyllie, Malmö. Detta genom att simulera en del av elnätet i Hyllie och styra elbilsladdningen för att kapa effekttoppar. Därefter kartlägg

Digitalisation has had a significant impact on the retail industry. Due to strong competition, price-conscious consumers and dynamic pricing (a pricing strategy in which prices varies several times throughout the day) prices in E-commerce are usually lower than prices in traditional commerce. Under these circumstances, price reductions (sales, clearance sales and finale sales) and price comparison