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© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Administration of antimicrobials to food-producing animals is regarded as a major contributor to the overall emergence of resistance in bacteria worldwide. However, few data are available on global antimicrobial use and resistance (AMR) in livestock, especially from low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We conducted a structured survey of 91 small-scale pig f
Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is an important cause of hearing loss in children and constitutes a serious health problem globally with a strong association to resource-limited living conditions. Topical antibiotics combined with aural toilet is the first-hand treatment for CSOM but antimicrobial resistance and limited availability to antibiotics are obstacles in some areas. T
A newly developed pulsed cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) system for measuring atmospheric gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentrations at high temporal resolution (25 Hz) was used to successfully conduct the first eddy covariance (EC) flux measurements of GEM. GEM is the main gaseous atmospheric form, and quantification of bidirectional exchange between the Earth’s surface and the atmospher
Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing worldwide problem and is considered to be one of the biggest threats to global health by the World Health Organization. Insights into the determinants of antibiotic prescribing may be gained by comparing the antibiotic usage patterns of Australia and Sweden. Design: Publicly available data on dispensed use of antibiotics in Australia and Sweden betw
Nearly one third of the global food is wasted. Microbial spoilage is a major factor in food waste, and it can happen at any point along the supply chain. Greenhouse grown English long cucumbers, one of the most important vegetable crops grown in Europe, were studied for weight changes and the presence of microbiological populations during the shelf life in this project. The main methods used in th
Globaliseringens påverkan på den arbetsrättsliga regleringen har lett till ett behov av gemensamma normer inom det internationella samfundet. Internationella arbetsorganisationen (ILO) har varit representant för kollektiva rättigheter i arbetslivet sedan organisationen grundades 1919. Regleringen av föreningsfrihet och kollektiv förhandlingsrätt grundar sig i två konventioner, nr. 87 angående föreThe impact of globalization on labour standards has led to a need for a joint legislation within the international community. The International Labour Organization (ILO) has advocated for collective labour rights since it was founded in 1919. The regulation of freedom of association and collective bargaining rights is based on two conventions, Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to
The Chinese government has been working on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for the past 20 years to further its goal of expanding global hegemony. It attempts to increase its economic and political influence in the BRI destinations through several projects and six main corridors. These initiatives, in my opinion, have a significant impact on transforming the urban landscape. Considering that mo
The effect of future changes in temperature and precipitation patterns on arctic ecosystem functioning is often assessed using state-of-the-art ecosystem models. Many models however lack detailed representation of wintertime processes, as pointed out by recent studies (Wang et al. 2016, Slater and Lawrence 2013). This bias may influence the derived outputs, such as soil temperature, permafrost ext
To find the optimal by-pass road alignment in the Tlokweng Planning Area in Botswana, a multi-criteria spatial-based model is developed using the GIS-MCE approach. In respect to the environmental impact assessment (EIA) approach, in this research a set of criteria is classified under 3 themes – economic, environmental and social. To determine the criterion and theme weights and perform their aggre
In this work, we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of InAs-based nanowire heterostructures with epitaxially defined InP and GaAs potential barrier segments, aimed at understanding and demonstrating the functionality of a double-barrier nanowire heterostructure as a hot-carrier photovoltaic, in which InP and GaAs barriers encapsulate an InAs absorber region, where hot carriers a
This thesis examines the synergies of post-growth policies that aim to decrease environmental pressure at the legislative level of the European Union. Motivated by the urgent need to mitigate global warming and the limitations of the green growth paradigm, this thesis focuses on three specific post-growth policies: restriction of large resource extractions, reduction of caps on pollution, and proh
The rapid advancements of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recent years have reshaped markets globally, urging companies to keep up with the development to maintain competitiveness and capture first-mover advantages. Although AI adoption is increasing across sectors, it has been found that Swedish companies lag behind other countries, such as the US and China. A key challenge identified is the lack
Given the increasing share of renewable energy, particularly solar power, there is a growing attention to resource use and disposal challenges associated with Photovoltaic (PV) modules. PV modules consist of multiple layers of materials like silicon, silver, aluminum, glass, and polymers, which makes them difficult to dismantle and recycle. Many recycling methods involve toxic chemicals and create
Biological diversity faces a global crisis with increasing extinction rates and the loss of variety within species and across ecosystems. Increasingly, large companies are committing to address their impacts on biodiversity, but research shows that corporate reporting remains inconsistent, shallow, and difficult to compare. While biodiversity-related disclosures have largely been driven by various
This thesis focuses on the issue of abortion rights in the Philippines, a country which maintains one of the strictest abortion laws globally, prohibiting abortion under all circumstances without exceptions. Despite severe penalties, unsafe abortions remain widespread, resulting in approximately 1.1 million induced abortions and around 1,000 maternal deaths annually. The interaction between the Ph
OBJECTIVE: To synthesise evidence related to the dissemination and implementation (D&I) of injury prevention interventions for female, woman and/or girl (female/woman/girl) athletes.DESIGN: Scoping review.DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Databases for Systematic Review, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials Registry, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ERIC, ProQuest Dissertati
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and is associated with worse outcomes. It remains unclear whether AKIs impact on prognosis can be attributed to other concurrent major complications. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing isolated CABG at a single nationwide center from 2001 to 2020. P
This thesis examines how the Nordic Council constructs and employs narrative within its implementation of Agenda 2030 as a means of strengthening its ontological security and collective sense of self. This approach implies that security is not only a product of material protection rather also a product of interpretive coherence. The Agenda 2030 is treated as a tool that frames complex policy quest
