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Objective: Interferon gamma release assays like Quantiferon Gold In-Tube (QFT) are used to identify individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A dichotomous cut-off (0.35 IU/ml) defines a positive QFT without considering test variability. Our objective was to evaluate the introduction of a borderline range under routine conditions. Methods: Results of routine QFT samples from Sweden (20
With the development of the society and the times, traditional parametric design methods are witnessing a severe challenge due to the more and more complex physical systems. Thus, developing novel parametric analysis methods is very important for dealing with complex physical systems, refining useful parameters from numerous data, and proposing accurate prediction formulas. A spring slider system,
The perfect switching between crystal phases with different electronic structure in III-V nanowires allows for the design of superstructures with quantum wells only a single atomic layer wide. However, it has only been indirectly inferred how the electronic structure will vary down to the smallest possible crystal segments. We use low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to d
There is a need to develop new techniques for quantitative measurement of receptors expression on particular vasculature cells types. Here, we describe and demonstrate a novel method to measure quantitatively and simultaneously the expression of endothelin B receptor (ETB) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). We isolated cells from male rat tissues such as: brain pial, brain intraparenchymal an
The DAΦNE electron-positron collider of the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati of INFN has made available a unique quality low-energy negatively charged kaons "beam", which is being used to study the kaon-nucleon/nuclei interactions by the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment and the AMADEUS Collaboration. The dynamics of the strong interaction processes in the nonperturbative regime is approached by lattice calc
This study presents an energy efficient ultra-wideband (UWB) transmitter based on the novel transmitted reference pulse cluster (TRPC) modulation scheme. The TRPC-UWB transmitter integrates wideband active baluns, a wideband IQ modulator based on up-conversion mixers, and a differential-to-single-ended converter. The integrated circuits of the TRPC-UWB front end are designed and implemented in a l
The vast majority of the biofuels presently used in the EU are so called first generation biofuels produced from crops. Concerns of food security, displacement of food crop production and indirect land use change (iLUC) has led to the introduction of measures to reduce the use of first generations biofuels and promote so called advanced biofuels based on feedstock that does not compete with food/f
A nickel(II) hydroxo complex (3) supported by a cyclohexyl based POCsp3OP pincer ligand (POCsp3OP = cis-1,3-Bis-(di-tert-butylphosphinito)cyclohexyl) is reported. Complex 3 reacts with CO to form the corresponding hydroxycarbonyl complex, (POCsp3OP)NiCOOH (4). Complex 3 is also reactive towards CO2, forming a bicarbonate species (5) that under reduced pressure loses 1/2 eq. of H2O and CO2 to give
Gelatin coating of brain implants is known to provide considerable benefits in terms of reduced inflammatory sequalae and long-term neuroprotective effects. However, the mechanisms for gelatin's protective role in brain injury are still unknown. To address this question, cellular and molecular markers were studied with quantitative immunohistochemical microscopy at acute (<2. hours, 1, 3. days), i
Considering climate change and assessing its impacts is challenging due to dealing with large data sets and uncertainties. This paper discusses an approach for the impact assessment of climate change based on synthesizing weather data sets out of several climate scenarios, in a way to generalize the assessment despite of the existence of climate uncertainties. The is based on creating one-year wea
Lipidic cubic phase systems (LCPs) are excellent carriers for immobilized enzymes due to their biocompatibility and well-defined nanoporous structure. Lipidic cubic phases act as a convenient matrix to incorporate enzymes and hold them in the vicinity of electrode surfaces in their fully active forms. Corynascus thermophilus cellobiose dehydrogenase (CtCDH) was trapped in a monoolein cubic phase,
Artikel om jubileer och monument i anslutning till amerikanska inbördeskriget. I fokus står olika högtidlighållanden och statyer i Gettysburg, där ett av de avgörande slagen stod 1863. I analysen inkluderas flera olika förhållningssätt till minnesarbetet över det, från betydelsen av de döda kropparna och begravningsplatser via uppföranden av monument och ökad turisttillströmning till betydelsen av
Sixteen years of hourly atmospheric pollutant data (1996-2011) in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP), and seven years (2005-2011) of data measured in the Metropolitan Area of Rio de Janeiro (MARJ), were analyzed in order to study the extreme pollution events and their return period. In addition, the objective was to compare the air quality between the two largest Brazilian urban areas and p
We report systematic transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations of the cellular ultrastructure of selected, small rotalid benthic foraminifera. Nine species from different environments (intertidal mudflat, fjord, and basin) were investigated: Ammonia sp., Elphidium oceanense, Haynesina germanica, Bulimina marginata, Globobulimina sp., Nonionellina labradorica, Nonionella sp., Stainforthia
Blodet bär med sig syre och näringsämnen som är vitala för vävnadens överlevnad, och därför är karakterisering av hjärnans blodförsörjning av stor betydelse. Blodflödet i kapillärerna kallas för perfusion. Vid MRI-baserad perfusionsmätning i hjärnan utnyttjas ofta signalförändringar orsakade av ett spårämne i blodet. Spårämnet kan antingen skapas internt genom märkning av det arteriella inflödet aDiffusion and perfusion MRI are valuable methods for investigating the microstructure and viability of tissue. One pure diffusion study was included in this thesis, with the purpose of studying microstructure and carrying out size estimations with the q-space diffusion imaging method. This is a method that has predominantly been explored with NMR spectrometers. In our study, a biological phantom c
Butyric acid has been shown to have suppressive effects on inflammation and diseases related to the intestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether supplementation of two glycerol esters, monobutyrin (MB) and tributyrin (TB), would reach the hindgut of rats, thus having an effect on the caecal profile of SCFA, microbiota composition and some risk markers associated with c
