A common feature within the European Union is that the responsibilities for environmental protection are separated from those managing natural resources and the economy. There are strong arguments for the idea that to be able to successfully resolve the many environmental challenges that lay ahead, it is necessary to integrate environmental concern in those sectors of the economy that affect them.

The ''functionality doctrine'' discussed in this paper was developed in the American trademark law as a judicial concept. It emerged soon after the adoption of the U.S Federal Trademark Act in 1946 and was aimed to define the implementation of the provisions of the Act prohibiting the trade mark protection for the functional signs. The doctrine gained its universal application and

The aim of this paper is to investigate certain aspects of the legal relationship between the EC and Switzerland in the field of public procurement. Public procurement can be defined as the purchase of goods, services, works and supplies by public authorities and enterprises. It comes as no surprise that public procurement has major economic ramifications, accounting for around 14% of the EC's

The aim of the paper is to discuss some of the basic elements of the legal system in EC law in comparison with the EEA Agreement. The conclusions will have special reference to Icelandic law. The reason for this approach is that the EEA Agreement is closely linked with EC law. Therefore it is necessary to begin approaching the basic rules within the EC in order to better understand the EEA system

Why has there been a spate of debate and discussion on the matter pertaining to protection of names such as Champagne, Havana, Tequila, Basmati, and Darjeeling etc.? What are geographical indications and why does any dialogue at the international level on the issue result in a political and legal dead end? The aim of this research paper has not only been to follow these debates but also to analyse

In the second chapter there is a description of corruption today. First I will provide a definition of corruption. Many definitions exist, but the common criteria in these definitions are abuse of power for private gain to the detriment of public interest. After explaining the theoretical definition I will describe corruption in practice through providing different forms of corruption. Public sect

The text brings together the ECtHR and the CPT that are different, but key components of the system of combating torture on the European continent. On the basis of analysis of the historical background of the issue it points out the distancing concept that was followed by the drafters of the ECPT in respect of the relationship of the ECtHR and the CPT. As a result, the latter is not bound by the c