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This bachelor thesis aims at analyzing how the international system is divided into sovereign states. It examines the limitations of unrecognized states within the international system and why they aren’t given sovereignty. This is done through a normative ideational analysis complementary with theoretical analysis. The case of Somaliland as an unrecognized state is chosen to reflect the struggle
Climate change is an ever-increasing global phenomenon that affects the world on many levels, most notably environmentally. As some countries have better resources than others, and some are more vulnerable to the effects of climate change than others, climate change has a varied priority among the countries in the world. The way to prevent climate change from increasing is through acts of climate
In Sweden the discourse around heightened penalties and a stricter approach to combat criminality has intensified, notably highlighted by the cross-party shift and the right-wing block's victory in the 2022 elections. This trend reflects a growing societal interest in criminal policy, particularly among young voters. This study investigates the opinions of young individuals on criminal policy
Abstract The illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is the fourth largest global illegal crime, and it threatens the balance of ecosystems, biodiversity, and human security. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international treaty, which purpose is to guarantee that international wildlife trade is legal, sustainable, and traceable. This study ex
This study develops the concept of 'realms of carbon’ to advance an understanding of climate politics in sites where carbon production and consumption, generating carbon emissions, is embedded in culture and identity. It does so by drawing on insights of three different theories, which in different ways, deal with dimensions of culture and identity to economic and political life. The study fur
This thesis investigates how China has demonstrated its assertiveness in the South China Sea throughout Xi Jinping's second presidential term, from March 2018 to March 2023. Employing the theoretical framework of Offensive Realism, the thesis seeks to unravel the motivations behind China's assertiveness in the South China Sea, contributing to a nuanced understanding of its strategic behavi
The purpose of this thesis is to study how different political orientations in Swedish foreign security policy have been legitimized. After having pursued a policy of neutrality and non-alignment for 200 years, Sweden made a decision to apply for membership in the military alliance NATO. The investigated time periods are 2014 and 2022, during which Sweden has chosen completely different strategies
This study desires to display two speeches that were crucial to the 2016 EU-referendum in Great Britain. The two actors portrayed with one speech each are Boris Johnson and David Cameron, although the speeches weren’t given during the same time they are both highly accurate and significant to the referendum. The two speeches are applied to theories of analogies and also strategic narratives. Based
Climate change is a highly relevant topic in both politics and media. During 2019 the climate issue was much discussed and a recurring theme in Swedish news media, which have led me to speculate on how the climate question was portrayed during this year. Based on this, the study examines how climate change is framed in the media during 2019, using 32 articles published in three of Swedens biggest
The following study delves into the congruence of three major IR theories. Constructivism, liberalism and realism. It delves into this congruence by testing their compatibility under a single analytical framework. To best highlight these theories overlapping sides I have chosen to find variants of the theories that I believe to be most similar to one another. Furthermore, an idea analysis is condu
After the 2014 invasion of contested areas in Iraq by the so-called Islamic State (IS), the Yazidi community has suffered dire consequences. Genocide, sexual enslavement, forced religious conversion and forced displacement were some of these horrendous acts committed by IS against the Yazidi community and other minorities in Iraq and Syria. This thesis builds from the infusion of agonist theory in
This thesis investigates the intertwining of corporate social responsibility (CSR) discourse and the European Union's strategy for sustainable and circular textiles through a single case study and critical frame analysis (CFA). By doing this, concurring discourse between corporations and the institutions aimed at governing them can be problematised. Derived from conventional and contemporary C
This thesis explores the relationship between regional identity and its influence on EU support. Going beyond the common focus on decentralized countries or entire European contexts, the research specifically examines the influence of regional identity within the more unitary state of France. Building on established theory linking identity to EU support, the study distinguishes between exclusive a
The Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence, known as the Istanbul Convention, was ratified by the European Union in 2023. However, five member states have not yet ratified. This essay investigates why some European Union member states have not ratified the Istanbul Convention, focusing specifically on Estonia and Lithuania using the mo
This study examines how Abolish Frontex activism and speech acts counter Frontex securitization discourses on migration and mobility. By using Critical Discourse Analysis the study reveals how Abolish Frontex is countering Frontex and the EU’s power and security system via speech acts, resistance and changing the securitizing discourse. The study is analyzing four of Abolish Frontex speech acts th
A certain volatility in regard to Russia’s relationship to the West has characterized international political space since 1991. If Gorbachev and Yeltsin succeeded in negating the Soviet Russian past to thus attempt to make possible an integration with the value community of Western civilizations, Putin has conducted a strategy that initially seemed to be aimed at securing global multipolarity and
This study has examined four different coalition agreements from four different governments that have governed Sweden on four different occasions, 2006, 2010, 2018 and 2022. The study aims to test the theory written by political scientists Hanna Bäck & Heike Klüver regarding their scientific research in how coalition governments work in reality and the vital role of a coalition agreement. Thei
The conceptualization of loss and damage reflects diverse perspectives, evident in the disparities observed in climate negotiations. This thesis examines how the Alliance of Small Island States and the European Union portrayed loss and damage during the establishment of the loss and damage fund. Carol Bacchi’s WPR approach is used for comprehending the portrayal of loss and damage, and the methodo
This thesis examines how China has been portrayed in the Annual Threat Assessment reports of the U.S. intelligence community between 2013-2023. A qualitative document analysis is conducted on 9 publicly available threat assessment reports issued during this period. The theoretical framework applied is threat perception theory, which posits that a state’s perception of threats guides strategic poli
Female dominated work remains significantly disadvantaged in comparison to male dominated ocucpations statistically. What remains unclear is what this looks like in practice, how this is felt by the individuals conducting the work and what this reflects about female-dominated work. In this light this thesis explores the nature of female-dominated occuaptions through nursing to understand where thi
