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LepEU, the European Lepidopteran Population Genomics Consortium, was launched in 2023 to coordinate continental-scale collections and generate population-level genomic data for butterflies and moths across Europe. Its whole-genome resequencing strategy takes advantage of the growing availability of reference genomes for Lepidoptera. LepEU supports scalable, standardized sampling and sequencing to
The mean-field game theory is the study of strategic decision making in very large populations of weakly interacting individuals. Mean-field games have been an active area of research in the last decade due to its increased significance in many scientific fields. The foundations of mean-field theory go back to the theory of statistical and quantum physics. One may describe mean-field games as a ty
Early experiences with robotic-assisted esophagectomy showed disappointing anastomotic outcomes when techniques were directly translated from open or thoracoscopic surgery. Among intrathoracic anastomotic options in robot-assisted Ivor Lewis esophagectomy (RAMIE-IL), emerging data suggest lower complication rates with the linear stapled side-to-side technique. This method was adopted at our instit
In recent decades, African states have become some of the most prominent contributors to peace support operations, both via the UN and, increasingly, African Union, regional, and ad hoc arrangements. This entry surveys three key scholarly debates on this phenomenon: first, the reasons why some African states participate in these missions; second, the character and shape of African agency within wh
BACKGROUND/AIM: Achieving negative margins while ensuring a safe reconstruction is known to be challenging in junctional tumors involving both the stomach and the distal esophagus. When a gastric conduit or a transhiatal Roux limb is precluded, a transthoracic long Roux limb reconstruction offers an alternative. Open approaches have traditionally carried high morbidity rates, but advances in minim
Optimal surgery for Siewert type II tumors remains controversial. We compared outcomes between transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE) and extended total gastrectomy (EG) in a high-volume center. This study included consecutive patients with Siewert type II tumors undergoing curative-intent surgery between 2013 and 2023. Patients treated with TTE or EG were analyzed. Primary outcomes were oncological pa
BACKGROUND: Primary headache disorders such as migraine and cluster headache exhibit circadian and circannual variations in attack onset. Melatonin plays a central role in regulating biological rhythms and likely influences the timing of headache attacks. Recent evidence suggests melatonin may be a promising treatment for migraine and cluster headache; however, underlying mechanisms need to be elu
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted melanoma care worldwide, raising concerns about diagnosis and treatment delays.OBJECTIVES: To compare changes in incidence and prognostic factors of invasive cutaneous melanomas across two regions with contrasting COVID-19 infection control strategies.METHODS: A retrospective population-based registry study using the Swedish quality regis
Background Preclinical and clinical data following acute myocardial infarction (MI) have shown conflicting results whether a bimodal pattern of edematous myocardium at risk (MaR) on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging during the first week exists or not. The objective was to assess the dynamics of MaR following acute experimental MI using a comprehensive CMR protocol. Methods Acute MI
Background: Emergency departments use triage to identify time-critical patients and reduce waiting times by assigning higher priority. However, no existing method directly measures this core clinical function. We developed and validated Triage Effectiveness (TE) as a framework for quantifying how well triage systems reduce waiting times for time-critical patients. Methods: Using data from 463,209
Bats are the only mammals capable of powered flight, allowing them to cover relatively long distances in a short time. However, the general inability of mammals to fuel endurance exercise solely by oxidizing fatty acids may prevent bats from undertaking long-distance intercontinental migrations—like birds do. Here, we conducted untargeted metabolomics to reveal the oxidative fuels used by wild cau
Lateral subsurface flow (LSF) is a key component of rainfall-runoff generation on alpine forested slopes, but the influence of weathered bedrock on LSF remains poorly understood due to methodological constraints in monitoring three-dimensional flow dynamics. This study addresses this gap by proposing a standardized morphological interpretation framework for time-lapse 3D electrical resistivity tom
Achieving isoform selectivity within the galectin family remains a central challenge in glycomimetic drug design due to the highly conserved architecture of their carbohydrate recognition domains. Here, we define the structural and thermodynamic basis of recognition of a series of C-glycosylic 1,2-thiodisaccharides targeting human galectin-7 and the N-terminal domain of galectin-8 (galectin-8N). U
Aim: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of self-reported kinesiophobia seven months after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and its relationship with self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity. Additionally, to explore the relationship between self-reported kinesiophobia and symptoms of anxiety and depression.Method: Cross-sectional sub-study conducted within the Targeted HypAim: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of self-reported kinesiophobia seven months after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and its relationship with self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity. Additionally, to explore the relationship between self-reported kinesiophobia and symptoms of anxiety and depression.Method: Cross-sectional sub-study conducted within the Targeted Hyp
The internal structures of the semi-magic, neutron-rich N=126 nuclei, 203Ir and 202Os, were studied. The nuclei of interest were produced using relativistic-energy projectile fragmentation of a 208Pb beam at the GSI facility in Germany. Internal isomeric decays were investigated via delayed γ-ray spectroscopy. In 203Ir, four observed transitions were associated with parallel decay branches from an
Modular multiplication (MM) is the main operation in cryptography algorithms such as elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC) and Rivest–Shamir–Adleman, where repeated MM is used to perform elliptic curve point multiplication and modular exponentiation, respectively. The algorithm for the proposed architecture is derived from the Chinese remainder theorem and performs MM completely within a residue numbe
Systolic arrays (SAs) for matrix multiplication are commonly used in machine learning (ML), wireless communication, and signal processing. Inherently offering high throughput with good data reuse, they are well-positioned for both low-power edge devices and accelerator applications in high-performance computing. Current realizations suffer from startup latency, defined as the time required to full
