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Adaptive Microphone Array Employing Spatial Quadratic Soft Constraints and Spectral Shaping

The convenience and the ease of use provided by hands-free operation of speech communication devices mean that speech enhancement schemes are becoming indispensable. In this chapter, two subband adaptive microphone array schemes are presented, which aim to provide good speech enhancement capability in poor signal to noise ratio situations. The basic commonality of the adaptive microphone array sch

Location-Aware Services Using Android Mobile Operating Platform for Safety, Emergency and Health Applications

The introduction of smart phones has redefined the usage of mobile phones in the communications world. Smart phones are now equipped with various sophisticated features such as Wi-Fi, Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation capability, high-resolution camera, touch screen, and broadband access which helps the mobile phone users to stay connected and updated. Many of these features are primarily

Signal extraction

The invention relates to an adaptive method of extracting at least of des ired electro magnetic wave signals, sound wave signals (40, 42), and any oth er signals from a mixture of signals (40, 42, 44, 46) and suppressing noise and interfering signals to produce enhanced signals (50) corresponding to de sired (10) signals, and an apparatus (70) therefore. It relies on the concep t of at least one o

An old mom keeps you young: Mother’s age at last birth and offspring longevity in 19th century Utah

This study analyzes the intergenerational effects of late child bearing on offspring’s adult longevity in a population in Utah (USA) that does not display evidence of parity-specific birth control – a so-called natural fertility population. Studies have found that for women who experience late menopause and prolonged reproduction, aging is postponed and longevity is increased. This is believed to

Effective dispersion and separation resolution in continuous particle fractionation

Theoretical models and experiments suggest that the transport of suspended particles in microfluidics-based sorting devices can be modeled by a two-dimensional effective advection-diffusion process characterized by constant average velocity, $$\mathbf {W}$$W, and a typically anisotropic dispersion tensor, $$\mathbb {D}$$D, whose principal axes are slanted with respect to the direction of the effec

Numerical Solution of $A^TS+SA+Q=0$

A survey of techniques to solve ATS + SA + Q = 0 is presented, and nine algorithms are coded and tested on a batch of examples. Which algorithm to be recommended depends mainly on the order of the system.

The use of operator factorization for linear control and estimation

The linear filtering, prediction and smoothing problems as well as the linear quadratic control problems can very generally be formulated as operator equations using basic linear algebra.The equations are of Fredholm type II, and they are difficult to solve directly.It is shown how the operator can be factorized into two Volterra operators using a matrix Riccati equation. Recursive solution of the

Incompatibility Alleles; Characteristics of a 1-Locus System

The 1-locus incompatibility system that is usually assumed to be present in the red clover is investigated. The allele fluctuations from one generation to the other are demonstrated. A mathematical state model is deduced for arbitrary numbers of alleles in the population, and its steady-state behaviour and stability are discussed. The eigenvalues of the linearized models as well as simulations sho

Random Effects in Biomedical Flow Systems

The random effects in tracer kinetics and cell cycle kinetics are usually described by the particle residence time. An analytical framework is developed, and the importance of the statistical independence of the residence times is emphasized.

Models for the Insulin Response to Intravenous Glucose

The Grodsky packet storage model describes many features of insulin release, but at present more or less arbitrary simplifications are necessary. The consequences of various simplifications are discussed, especially with regard to identification of parameters thought to be of importance for glucose tolerance. In particular, the insulin release dynamics of the ordinary intravenous glucose tolerance

Analytical characterization of particle kinematics and transverse dispersion in free-flow acoustophoretic devices

The overdamped dynamics of particles dragged by a parallel flow in a straight micro-channel in the presence of a transverse acoustophoretic force is investigated. Analytical solutions are presented in the case of plug, shear, or Poiseuille flow velocity profile. Two regimes of particle dynamics are observed, namely an early regime dominated by the local stream-wise velocity and a later regime gove

Quantifying dispersion of finite-sized particles in deterministic lateral displacement microflow separators through Brenner's macrotransport paradigm

Deterministic lateral displacement provides a novel and efficient technique for sorting micrometer-sized particles based on particle size. It is grounded on the principle that the paths associated with particles of different diameters, entrained in flow streaming through a periodic lattice of obstacles, are characterized by different deflection angles with respect to the average direction of the c