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Granulomas are organized immune aggregates of myeloid and lymphoid cells that arise when the host fails to eliminate persistent stimuli; however, their function remains paradoxical, by promoting both protection from systemic dissemination while also promoting a niche for microbial survival. Traditionally defined by histopathology and morphology, granulomas are now being revisited with high-through
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by progressive cognitive decline, highlighting the importance of cognitive assessment in both clinical practice and research. This study investigates the temporal dynamics of cognitive decline and the differential sensitivity of cognitive measures across the AD spectrum. Cognitive measures, functional assessments, and amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau positron emission t
Background: Metastasis-directed stereotactic body radiotherapy (MD-SBRT) has shown promise in retrospective and phase II studies for oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. However, prospective randomized phase III data—particularly in newly diagnosed cases and in combination with androgen deprivation therapy and next-generation androgen receptor pathway inhibitors—are limited. The METR
This work evaluates a standardized 30-ton, 16 m railbus platform optimized for unelectrified regional service, focusing on propulsion system design and trade-offs between range, cost, and emissions. A MATLAB/Simulink drive-cycle model was developed to simulate energy consumption and component performance under realistic operating conditions. The Erfurt–Rennsteig route in Germany (130 km round trip
In multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems, the non-linear behavior of the power amplifiers (PAs) may cause degradation of the linear precoding schemes dealing with interference between user equipments (UEs), e.g., the zero-forcing (ZF) precoder. One way to minimize this effect is to use digital-pre-distortion (DPD) modules to linearize the PAs. However, using perfect DPD modul
One of the key ecological processes affected by climate change is plant carbon uptake. However, there is substantial uncertainty about how plant carbon uptake will respond to warming in mountain ecosystems, which are known for sharp temperature gradients and abrupt shifts in vegetation structure. Specifically, we lack an understanding of whether these response trajectories over time will be linear
Introduction: Enhancing Quality of Life for Individuals with Stroke (EQL-stroke) is an international, collaborative multiphase project aiming to strengthen supported self-management for older adults recovering from stroke at home in Sweden, Latvia and the Netherlands. Existing poststroke pathways may provide insufficient support for self-management during the transition from hospital to home, and
OBJECTIVE: Q-space trajectory imaging (QTI) enables detailed characterization of tissue microstructure. Achieving high spatial resolution is challenging due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), particularly on clinical MRI systems with limited gradient capabilities and coil options. This study assessed the potential of denoising methods to improve the resolution of QTI in the brain on a radiotherap
ADP-ribosylation is a conserved modification that uses NAD+ as a co-substrate to regulate essential cellular processes, such as genome stability and transcription, with Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases (PARPs) serving as the major catalyzing enzymes in humans. Historically defined as a protein post-translational modification, ADP-ribosylation on nucleic acids has been increasingly recognized in recent
In this paper, in-situ X-ray microtomography was used to analyze liquor penetration/impregnation and delignification of wood chips during kraft pulping, allowing microstructural changes to be assessed over time. The study was conducted with sapwood of three hardwood species (alder, aspen and birch), using a reactor designed to provide liquor circulation and temperature control. Each wood sample wa
Al-Ga-based alloys are promising carriers of renewable energy, which can provide hydrogen by hydrolysis in challenging working environments. Manipulating their performance by different process conditions and comprehending the mechanisms are important for achieving directional design synthesis of alloys and enhancing their practicality. This study presents a novel approach to optimizing the hydroge
Droughts have intensified under climate change, threatening ecosystem stability. While rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations may enhance vegetation drought resistance, the net effect remains uncertain amid concurrent warming. Here we combine ecological modeling with multi-source observations to investigate how CO2 and warming jointly regulate vegetation drought responses on the Qinghai-Tibetan Pla
Background: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious vector-borne neurological disease in Europe, with a complex transmission cycle involving ticks of genus Ixodes, animal hosts, environmental and climatic determinants. Methods: We modelled annual Geocoded Swedish TBE case data for the period 2005–2023 as a log-Gaussian Cox process in relation to population, environmental and climate data, and w
Background: The C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index (CTI) has been proposed as a novel biomarker for insulin resistance and inflammation. However, its role in the progression trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the involvement of the CTI in the CMM progression trajectory. Methods: This prospective study included 266,049 individuals
This article examines how de-risking policy instruments interact to shape implementation conditions for Sino-research collaboration in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish higher education institutions (HEIs). Using comparative policy analysis, it analyses how instruments combine across types, functions and actor loci, and what these interactions mean for HEIs. The findings show that implementation condi
The interest in putting a price on carbon emissions is increasing in pace with the urgency of climate change. In this article we compare the adoption of one such policy instrument, carbon taxation, in the cases of Sweden and Mexico. We use a theoretical framework that focuses on economic and environmental factors influencing the policy process via distinct policy areas, as well as the mechanisms t
